Crane Company's balance sheet accounts as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 and information relating to 2021 activities are presented below. December 31, 2021 2020 Assets Cash $ 438000 $ 198000 Short-term investments 598000 — Accounts receivable (net) 1000000 1000000 Inventory 1360000 1180000 Long-term investments 398000 598000 Plant assets 3380000 1980000 Accumulated depreciation (898000) (898000) Patent 178000 198000 Total assets $6454000 $4256000 Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $1640000 $1420000 Notes payable (nontrade) 578000 — Common stock, $10 par 1598000 1380000 Additional paid-in capital 798000 498000 Retained earnings 1840000 958000 Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $6454000 $4256000 Information relating to 2021 activities: • Net income for 2021 was $1480000. • Cash dividends of $598000 were declared and paid in 2021. • Equipment costing $980000 and having a carrying amount of $318000 was sold in 2021 for $358000. • A long-term investment was sold in 2021 for $318000. There were no other transactions affecting long-term investments in 2021. • 21800 shares of common stock were issued in 2021 for $25 a share. • Short-term investments consist of treasury bills maturing on 6/30/22. Net cash used in Crane’s 2021 investing activities was
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
Crane Company's
| December 31, | |||
| 2021 | 2020 | ||
| Assets | |||
| Cash | $ 438000 | $ 198000 | |
| Short-term investments | 598000 | — | |
| 1000000 | 1000000 | ||
| Inventory | 1360000 | 1180000 | |
| Long-term investments | 398000 | 598000 | |
| Plant assets | 3380000 | 1980000 | |
| (898000) | (898000) | ||
| Patent | 178000 | 198000 | |
| Total assets |
$6454000
|
$4256000
|
|
| Liabilities and |
|||
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | $1640000 | $1420000 | |
| Notes payable (nontrade) | 578000 | — | |
| Common stock, $10 par | 1598000 | 1380000 | |
| Additional paid-in capital | 798000 | 498000 | |
| 1840000 | 958000 | ||
| Total liabilities and stockholders' equity |
$6454000
|
$4256000
|
Information relating to 2021 activities:
• Net income for 2021 was $1480000.
• Cash dividends of $598000 were declared and paid in 2021.
• Equipment costing $980000 and having a carrying amount of $318000 was sold in 2021 for $358000.
• A long-term investment was sold in 2021 for $318000. There were no other transactions affecting long-term investments in 2021.
• 21800 shares of common stock were issued in 2021 for $25 a share.
• Short-term investments consist of treasury bills maturing on 6/30/22.
Net cash used in Crane’s 2021 investing activities was
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