Cramming Students in two basic Spanish classes wererequired to learn 50 new vocabulary words. One group of45 students received the list on Monday and studied thewords all week. Statistics summarizing this group’s scoreson Friday’s quiz are given. The other group of 25 studentsdid not get the vocabulary list until Thursday. They alsotook the quiz on Friday, after “cramming” Thursday night.Then, when they returned to class the following Monday,they were retested—without advance warning. Both setsof test scores for these students are shown. a) On Friday, did the week-long study group have a mean score significantly higher than that of the over-night crammers? b) Was there a significant difference in the percentagesof students who passed the quiz on Friday?c) Is there any evidence that when students cram for atest, their “learning” does not last for 3 days?d) Use a 95% confidence interval to estimate themean number of words that might be forgotten bycrammers.e) Is there any evidence that how much studentsforget depends on how much they “learned” tobegin with? Group 2Fri. Mon. Fri. Mon.42 36 50 4744 44 34 3445 46 38 3148 38 43 4044 40 39 4143 38 46 3241 37 37 3635 31 40 3143 32 41 3248 37 48 3943 41 37 3145 32 36 4147 44

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Cramming Students in two basic Spanish classes were
required to learn 50 new vocabulary words. One group of
45 students received the list on Monday and studied the
words all week. Statistics summarizing this group’s scores
on Friday’s quiz are given. The other group of 25 students
did not get the vocabulary list until Thursday. They also
took the quiz on Friday, after “cramming” Thursday night.
Then, when they returned to class the following Monday,
they were retested—without advance warning. Both sets
of test scores for these students are shown.

a) On Friday, did the week-long study group have a
mean score significantly higher than that of the over-
night crammers?
b) Was there a significant difference in the percentages
of students who passed the quiz on Friday?
c) Is there any evidence that when students cram for a
test, their “learning” does not last for 3 days?
d) Use a 95% confidence interval to estimate the
mean number of words that might be forgotten by
crammers.
e) Is there any evidence that how much students
forget depends on how much they “learned” to
begin with?
Group 2
Fri. Mon. Fri. Mon.
42 36 50 47
44 44 34 34
45 46 38 31
48 38 43 40
44 40 39 41
43 38 46 32
41 37 37 36
35 31 40 31
43 32 41 32
48 37 48 39
43 41 37 31
45 32 36 41
47 44
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