coronavirus and patients' blood type. The population in Wuhan has a blood type distribution as shown in the table below. The researchers categorized Snsamp patients who had contracted coronavirus by blood type. Round all calculated values in this problem to 4 decimal places. Blood Type Population Percentage COVID-19 patients Туре А 33% 115 Туре В 24% 101 Туре АВ 9% 41 Туре О 34% 118 Total 100% 375 1. Enter the expected values for the hypothesis test in the table below: Blood Type Expected Value Type A Туре В Type AB Туре О 2. The researchers wonder if, in Wuhan, COVID-19 patients have a different distribution of blood type than the general population of Wuhan. Express this research question in terms of a null and alternative hypothesis. Ho: The distribution of blood type of COVID-19 patients is the same as the population. Any observed difference is not v due to chance. HA: The distribution of blood type of COVID-19 patients is different from v the population. Any observed difference is due to

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### Blood type and COVID-19 susceptibility

A group of researchers in Wuhan, China investigated the relationship between contracting the novel coronavirus and patients’ blood type. The population in Wuhan has a blood type distribution as shown in the table below. The researchers categorized 375 patients who had contracted coronavirus by blood type.

Round all calculated values in this problem to 4 decimal places.

#### Blood Type Distribution in Wuhan Population and COVID-19 Patients
| Blood Type | Population Percentage | COVID-19 patients |
|------------|-----------------------|-------------------|
| Type A     | 33%                   | 115               |
| Type B     | 24%                   | 101               |
| Type AB    | 9%                    | 41                |
| Type O     | 34%                   | 118               |
| **Total**  | **100%**              | **375**           |

**1. Enter the expected values for the hypothesis test in the table below:**

| Blood Type | Expected Value |
|------------|----------------|
| Type A     |                |
| Type B     |                |
| Type AB    |                |
| Type O     |                |

**2. The researchers wonder if, in Wuhan, COVID-19 patients have a different distribution of blood type than the general population of Wuhan. Express this research question in terms of a null and alternative hypothesis.**

**Null Hypothesis (H₀):** The distribution of blood type of COVID-19 patients is **the same as** the population. Any observed difference **is not** due to chance. 

**Alternative Hypothesis (H₁):** The distribution of blood type of COVID-19 patients is **different from** the population. Any observed difference **is** due to chance.
Transcribed Image Text:### Blood type and COVID-19 susceptibility A group of researchers in Wuhan, China investigated the relationship between contracting the novel coronavirus and patients’ blood type. The population in Wuhan has a blood type distribution as shown in the table below. The researchers categorized 375 patients who had contracted coronavirus by blood type. Round all calculated values in this problem to 4 decimal places. #### Blood Type Distribution in Wuhan Population and COVID-19 Patients | Blood Type | Population Percentage | COVID-19 patients | |------------|-----------------------|-------------------| | Type A | 33% | 115 | | Type B | 24% | 101 | | Type AB | 9% | 41 | | Type O | 34% | 118 | | **Total** | **100%** | **375** | **1. Enter the expected values for the hypothesis test in the table below:** | Blood Type | Expected Value | |------------|----------------| | Type A | | | Type B | | | Type AB | | | Type O | | **2. The researchers wonder if, in Wuhan, COVID-19 patients have a different distribution of blood type than the general population of Wuhan. Express this research question in terms of a null and alternative hypothesis.** **Null Hypothesis (H₀):** The distribution of blood type of COVID-19 patients is **the same as** the population. Any observed difference **is not** due to chance. **Alternative Hypothesis (H₁):** The distribution of blood type of COVID-19 patients is **different from** the population. Any observed difference **is** due to chance.
**Chi-Square Test for Blood Type Distribution in COVID-19 Patients**

**Objective:**
To determine if the distribution of blood types among COVID-19 patients in Wuhan is different from that of the general population.

**Procedure:**

2. **Hypothesis Formulation:**
   - Null Hypothesis (\( H_0 \)): The distribution of blood type of COVID-19 patients is the same as the population. Any observed difference is not due to chance.
   - Alternative Hypothesis (\( H_A \)): The distribution of blood type of COVID-19 patients is different from the population. Any observed difference is due to chance.

3. **Primary Variable Contribution:**
   - Identify which blood type (A or O) contributes more to the test statistic.
     - Options:
       - A. type A
       - B. type O

4. **Calculate the Test Statistic:**
   - Chi-square test statistic (\( \chi^2 \)) calculation input field.
   - \( \chi^2 = \) [Input Field]

5. **Degrees of Freedom:**
   - State the degrees of freedom for this test.
   - \( df = \) [Input Field]

6. **Calculate the p-value:**
   - Input field to calculate the p-value for this test.
   - \( p = \) [Input Field]

7. **Result Interpretation:**
   - Based on the above p-value, select the strength of evidence against the null hypothesis.
     - Options:
       - [Dropdown] Strong evidence

This set of data aids in understanding how to apply statistical methods to compare categorical data distributions, specifically using chi-square tests to evaluate observed vs. expected frequency distributions.
Transcribed Image Text:**Chi-Square Test for Blood Type Distribution in COVID-19 Patients** **Objective:** To determine if the distribution of blood types among COVID-19 patients in Wuhan is different from that of the general population. **Procedure:** 2. **Hypothesis Formulation:** - Null Hypothesis (\( H_0 \)): The distribution of blood type of COVID-19 patients is the same as the population. Any observed difference is not due to chance. - Alternative Hypothesis (\( H_A \)): The distribution of blood type of COVID-19 patients is different from the population. Any observed difference is due to chance. 3. **Primary Variable Contribution:** - Identify which blood type (A or O) contributes more to the test statistic. - Options: - A. type A - B. type O 4. **Calculate the Test Statistic:** - Chi-square test statistic (\( \chi^2 \)) calculation input field. - \( \chi^2 = \) [Input Field] 5. **Degrees of Freedom:** - State the degrees of freedom for this test. - \( df = \) [Input Field] 6. **Calculate the p-value:** - Input field to calculate the p-value for this test. - \( p = \) [Input Field] 7. **Result Interpretation:** - Based on the above p-value, select the strength of evidence against the null hypothesis. - Options: - [Dropdown] Strong evidence This set of data aids in understanding how to apply statistical methods to compare categorical data distributions, specifically using chi-square tests to evaluate observed vs. expected frequency distributions.
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