Convert each of the following argu- ments into formal statements, e.g., define sentences existentially and/or universally quantified statements. Then determine which rules of logic have been applied and explain whether or not they have been ap- plied correctly. If you don’t do the homework, you won’t pass the final. Curly did not do the homework. Therefore Curly did not pass the final.   If you do the homework you will pass the final. If you pass the fi- nal you will pass the course. Larry did the homework. Therefore Larry will pass the course. Curly, Moe and Larry are stooges. Curly did his homework. Therefore a stooge did his homework.

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Inference in AI

The inference is finding a conclusion or result based on any data, events, and any information. Usually, there will be a set of conditions and the conclusion is made, which satisfies all the given conditions are true. The conclusion is made according to the inference rules. Any artificial intelligence agent or an intelligent system uses the inference engine to find a better result or output. The work of the inference engine is to analyze the fact and figures based on all circumstances. After the analysis, the machine concludes this fact and gives it to the agent. The agent uses this conclusion for further processing and decision-making. Intelligent systems will generate new logic from existing ones based on the facts.