Context: One operating system (Linux) treats processes and threads in the same way, allowing a task to be more akin to a process or a thread (as described in our text) depending on flags passed to the system call that creates it. Another operating system (Windows) treat processes and threads quite differently. The Process Control Block contains pointers to the separate threads belonging to the process. Question: Contrast these two approaches for modeling processes and threads within the kernel. What differences do the two approaches make? What are some consequences?

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Race Condition

A race condition occurs within a critical section when two or more tasks try to access and alter a shared resource simultaneously. As a consequence, the process changes to a state of inconsistency.