Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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![### Construct the Molecular Orbital Diagram for \( \text{H}_2^- \)
The diagram above illustrates the molecular orbital (MO) energy levels for the \( \text{H}_2^- \) ion.
- **Atomic Orbitals (AO):**
- The diagram starts with hydrogen atom orbitals labeled as \( 1s \) on both sides. Each hydrogen atom A has one electron in its 1s orbital.
- **Molecular Orbitals:**
- The molecular orbitals (\( \sigma_{1s} \) and \( \sigma^*_{1s} \)) are formed by the combination of these atomic orbitals.
- **\( \sigma_{1s} \):** This is a bonding molecular orbital and is lower in energy.
- **\( \sigma^*_{1s} \):** This is an antibonding molecular orbital and is higher in energy.
- **Electron Configuration:**
- Electrons are then placed in these molecular orbitals according to the Aufbau principle, starting with the lowest energy level.
- Ensure to fill in all electrons from the available answer bank.
### Answer Bank
- This section includes two electron options: one electron with a single arrow \( \uparrow \) and another option with a double arrow \( \uparrow\downarrow \), suggesting one position can be filled completely.
### Identify the Bond Order
To determine the bond order, use the formula:
\[
\text{Bond Order} = \frac{(\text{Number of electrons in bonding MOs} - \text{Number of electrons in antibonding MOs})}{2}
\]
- Options for bond order are:
- 0
- 0.5
- 1
- 1.5
- 2
Select the bond order based on the electron placements in the molecular orbitals.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F9c736d07-d75d-4ba3-b07b-66393d09ab70%2F4f6bba1b-8929-4fb4-a9fd-eaf2e54b15c7%2Fhhz73p7_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:### Construct the Molecular Orbital Diagram for \( \text{H}_2^- \)
The diagram above illustrates the molecular orbital (MO) energy levels for the \( \text{H}_2^- \) ion.
- **Atomic Orbitals (AO):**
- The diagram starts with hydrogen atom orbitals labeled as \( 1s \) on both sides. Each hydrogen atom A has one electron in its 1s orbital.
- **Molecular Orbitals:**
- The molecular orbitals (\( \sigma_{1s} \) and \( \sigma^*_{1s} \)) are formed by the combination of these atomic orbitals.
- **\( \sigma_{1s} \):** This is a bonding molecular orbital and is lower in energy.
- **\( \sigma^*_{1s} \):** This is an antibonding molecular orbital and is higher in energy.
- **Electron Configuration:**
- Electrons are then placed in these molecular orbitals according to the Aufbau principle, starting with the lowest energy level.
- Ensure to fill in all electrons from the available answer bank.
### Answer Bank
- This section includes two electron options: one electron with a single arrow \( \uparrow \) and another option with a double arrow \( \uparrow\downarrow \), suggesting one position can be filled completely.
### Identify the Bond Order
To determine the bond order, use the formula:
\[
\text{Bond Order} = \frac{(\text{Number of electrons in bonding MOs} - \text{Number of electrons in antibonding MOs})}{2}
\]
- Options for bond order are:
- 0
- 0.5
- 1
- 1.5
- 2
Select the bond order based on the electron placements in the molecular orbitals.
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