Construct the Cayley table for (Zo) ,c), and verify that this is an Abelian group.

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
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ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
Publisher:Erwin Kreyszig
Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
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construct cayley table (Z(9) , circle times   )and verify its an abelian group.

**Transcription for Educational Website:**

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**Constructing the Cayley Table for \( (\mathbb{Z}_9, \circ) \)**

This task involves the construction of a Cayley table for the set \( \mathbb{Z}_9 \) under a given operation \( \circ \). We aim to verify if this set forms an Abelian group.

**Steps:**
1. **Define the Set**: \(\mathbb{Z}_9\) represents the set of integers \(\{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8\}\) with operations performed modulo 9.

2. **Operation \( \circ \)**: Clearly define the operation \( \circ \) (commonly addition or multiplication modulo 9).

3. **Construct the Cayley Table**:
   - Create a table with rows and columns labeled by the elements of \(\mathbb{Z}_9\).
   - Fill in each cell with the result of the operation \( \circ \) applied to the row and column headers.

4. **Verify Abelian Properties**:
   - **Closure**: Ensure every operation result is within \(\mathbb{Z}_9\).
   - **Associativity**: Confirm that \((a \circ b) \circ c = a \circ (b \circ c)\) for all \(a, b, c\) in \(\mathbb{Z}_9\).
   - **Identity Element**: Identify an element \(e\) such that \(e \circ a = a \circ e = a\) for all \(a\).
   - **Inverse Element**: For each element \(a\), find an element \(b\) such that \(a \circ b = b \circ a = e\).
   - **Commutativity**: Verify \(a \circ b = b \circ a\) for all \(a, b\) in \(\mathbb{Z}_9\).

By following these steps, one can demonstrate that \( (\mathbb{Z}_9, \circ) \) is an Abelian group if all properties are satisfied.

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No graphs or diagrams are included.
Transcribed Image Text:**Transcription for Educational Website:** --- **Constructing the Cayley Table for \( (\mathbb{Z}_9, \circ) \)** This task involves the construction of a Cayley table for the set \( \mathbb{Z}_9 \) under a given operation \( \circ \). We aim to verify if this set forms an Abelian group. **Steps:** 1. **Define the Set**: \(\mathbb{Z}_9\) represents the set of integers \(\{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8\}\) with operations performed modulo 9. 2. **Operation \( \circ \)**: Clearly define the operation \( \circ \) (commonly addition or multiplication modulo 9). 3. **Construct the Cayley Table**: - Create a table with rows and columns labeled by the elements of \(\mathbb{Z}_9\). - Fill in each cell with the result of the operation \( \circ \) applied to the row and column headers. 4. **Verify Abelian Properties**: - **Closure**: Ensure every operation result is within \(\mathbb{Z}_9\). - **Associativity**: Confirm that \((a \circ b) \circ c = a \circ (b \circ c)\) for all \(a, b, c\) in \(\mathbb{Z}_9\). - **Identity Element**: Identify an element \(e\) such that \(e \circ a = a \circ e = a\) for all \(a\). - **Inverse Element**: For each element \(a\), find an element \(b\) such that \(a \circ b = b \circ a = e\). - **Commutativity**: Verify \(a \circ b = b \circ a\) for all \(a, b\) in \(\mathbb{Z}_9\). By following these steps, one can demonstrate that \( (\mathbb{Z}_9, \circ) \) is an Abelian group if all properties are satisfied. --- No graphs or diagrams are included.
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