Consider these structures. H HO H HO COOH -Н -Н -Н -Н COOH H HO Н H COOH -Н -Н -Н -ОН COOH Н Н Н НО- COOH -Н ОН -Н -Н COOH

Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry
2nd Edition
ISBN:9780618974122
Author:Andrei Straumanis
Publisher:Andrei Straumanis
Chapter18: Aromaticity
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 18E
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4 PART QUESTION. 

PART 1: The last unique stereoisomer is? PART 2: Which of these structures are enantiomers? PART 3: Which of these structures are diastereomers? PART 4: 

**Consider these structures:**

The image presents three linear molecular structures, each with similar features but distinct orientations of hydroxyl (OH) groups. They are likely representations of stereoisomers of a sugar molecule, such as those seen in biochemistry.

**Structure Explanation:**

1. **First Structure (Leftmost):**
   - Top: COOH (carboxyl group)
   - Downwards:
     - First carbon: H on the left, H on the right
     - Second carbon: HO on the left, H on the right
     - Third carbon: H on the left, H on the right
     - Fourth carbon: HO on the left, H on the right
   - Bottom: COOH (carboxyl group)

2. **Second Structure (Middle):**
   - Top: COOH (carboxyl group)
   - Downwards:
     - First carbon: H on the left, H on the right
     - Second carbon: HO on the left, H on the right
     - Third carbon: H on the left, H on the right
     - Fourth carbon: H on the left, OH on the right
   - Bottom: COOH (carboxyl group)

3. **Third Structure (Rightmost):**
   - Top: COOH (carboxyl group)
   - Downwards:
     - First carbon: H on the left, H on the right
     - Second carbon: H on the left, OH on the right
     - Third carbon: H on the left, H on the right
     - Fourth carbon: HO on the left, H on the right
   - Bottom: COOH (carboxyl group)

These diagrams represent different stereoisomers, explaining the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in the molecules. This is crucial for understanding their biological functions and interactions.
Transcribed Image Text:**Consider these structures:** The image presents three linear molecular structures, each with similar features but distinct orientations of hydroxyl (OH) groups. They are likely representations of stereoisomers of a sugar molecule, such as those seen in biochemistry. **Structure Explanation:** 1. **First Structure (Leftmost):** - Top: COOH (carboxyl group) - Downwards: - First carbon: H on the left, H on the right - Second carbon: HO on the left, H on the right - Third carbon: H on the left, H on the right - Fourth carbon: HO on the left, H on the right - Bottom: COOH (carboxyl group) 2. **Second Structure (Middle):** - Top: COOH (carboxyl group) - Downwards: - First carbon: H on the left, H on the right - Second carbon: HO on the left, H on the right - Third carbon: H on the left, H on the right - Fourth carbon: H on the left, OH on the right - Bottom: COOH (carboxyl group) 3. **Third Structure (Rightmost):** - Top: COOH (carboxyl group) - Downwards: - First carbon: H on the left, H on the right - Second carbon: H on the left, OH on the right - Third carbon: H on the left, H on the right - Fourth carbon: HO on the left, H on the right - Bottom: COOH (carboxyl group) These diagrams represent different stereoisomers, explaining the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in the molecules. This is crucial for understanding their biological functions and interactions.
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