#15 **Organic Chemistry: Substitution Reactions****Presented by Macmillan Learning****Consider the pair of reactions. Draw the organic products, then predict the type of substitution mechanism and compare the expected rates.**### Reaction 1:- **Reactants:** - 1-chlorobutane ($ \text{Cl}$ connected to a butane chain) - $ \text{Br}^-$ (bromide ion)- **Solvent:** DMF (Dimethylformamide)- **Product:** Product 1 (to be drawn)### Reaction 2:- **Reactants:** - 1-chlorobutane ($ \text{Cl}$ connected to a butane chain) - $ \text{I}^-$ (iodide ion)- **Solvent:** DMF (Dimethylformamide)- **Product:** Product 2 (to be drawn)### Drawing Area:- Two interactive drawing sections for products: - Draw product 1 (includes tools for lines, rings, carbon, hydrogen, and bromine). - Draw product 2 (includes tools for lines, rings, carbon, hydrogen, and iodine).### Identify the Mechanism of Each Reaction:- [ ] Reaction 1 occurs by an $ S_N1 $ mechanism.- [x] Reaction 1 occurs by an $ S_N2 $ mechanism.- [ ] Reaction 2 occurs by an $ S_N1 $ mechanism.- [x] Reaction 2 occurs by an $ S_N2 $ mechanism.### Compare the Rates of Each Reaction:- [ ] Reaction 1 is faster than reaction 2.- [ ] Both reactions occur at the same rate.- [x] Reaction 2 is faster than reaction 1.--- **Explanation:**In these reactions, 1-chlorobutane undergoes substitution with bromide and iodide ions in an $ S_N2 $ mechanism, which is favored because the leaving group is primary. Iodide is a better nucleophile than bromide, so Reaction 2 is expected to be faster than Reaction 1.

Answer: Reaction (1) and (2) both are SN2 mechanism Explanation: 1)Since in both the cases substrate…

Answered: Consider the pair of reactions. Draw…

Consider the pair of reactions. Draw the organic products, then predict the type of substitution mechanism and compare the expected rates.

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Question

#15

**Organic Chemistry: Substitution Reactions**

**Presented by Macmillan Learning**

**Consider the pair of reactions. Draw the organic products, then predict the type of substitution mechanism and compare the expected rates.**

### Reaction 1:
- **Reactants:**
- 1-chlorobutane ($ \text{Cl}$ connected to a butane chain)
- $ \text{Br}^-$ (bromide ion)
- **Solvent:** DMF (Dimethylformamide)
- **Product:** Product 1 (to be drawn)

### Reaction 2:
- **Reactants:**
- 1-chlorobutane ($ \text{Cl}$ connected to a butane chain)
- $ \text{I}^-$ (iodide ion)
- **Solvent:** DMF (Dimethylformamide)
- **Product:** Product 2 (to be drawn)

### Drawing Area:
- Two interactive drawing sections for products:
- Draw product 1 (includes tools for lines, rings, carbon, hydrogen, and bromine).
- Draw product 2 (includes tools for lines, rings, carbon, hydrogen, and iodine).

### Identify the Mechanism of Each Reaction:
- [ ] Reaction 1 occurs by an $ S_N1 $ mechanism.
- [x] Reaction 1 occurs by an $ S_N2 $ mechanism.
- [ ] Reaction 2 occurs by an $ S_N1 $ mechanism.
- [x] Reaction 2 occurs by an $ S_N2 $ mechanism.

### Compare the Rates of Each Reaction:
- [ ] Reaction 1 is faster than reaction 2.
- [ ] Both reactions occur at the same rate.
- [x] Reaction 2 is faster than reaction 1.

---

**Explanation:**

In these reactions, 1-chlorobutane undergoes substitution with bromide and iodide ions in an $ S_N2 $ mechanism, which is favored because the leaving group is primary. Iodide is a better nucleophile than bromide, so Reaction 2 is expected to be faster than Reaction 1.

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