Consider the n! different arrays consisting of the numbers {1,2,…,n} in some order. Prove that every deterministic comparison-based sorting algorithm has an average running time of O(n log n) on these n! inputs.

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Consider the n! different arrays consisting of the numbers {1,2,…,n} in some order. Prove that every deterministic comparison-based sorting algorithm has an average running time of O(n log n) on these n! inputs.

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