Consider the following simplified code for the Bubble sort algorithm.

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Step 1: Simplify your summation so that it is written as a polynomial.  Show your work.

Step 2: State a big-Oh bound for your polynomial.

### Bubble Sort Algorithm Complexity Analysis

**Consider the following simplified code for the Bubble sort algorithm:**

```cpp
for (int i = 0; i < list.size() - 1; i++) {
    for (int j = 0; j < list.size() - 1; j++) {
        if (list.get(j) > list.get(j + 1))
            swap(j, j + 1);
    }
}
```

---

In lecture, we explored running this procedure with an `ArrayList`. In this quiz problem, we will reconsider this procedure with a `LinkedList`. The pertinent difference lies in the cost of the `get`, `set`, and `swap` operations (assuming `swap` uses `get` and `set` as well). While in `ArrayLists` these operations take constant time, for `LinkedLists`, these operations take \( O(i) \) steps to reach index \( i \). In this worst case, we can see that this could be \( O(n) \).

Let's explore how this impacts the running time of this Bubble sort code.

---

### Performance Analysis

An upper bound on the number of operations carried out by this code can be expressed as a summation where \( n \) is the size of the list and where \( a \) and \( b \) are positive constants:

\[ \sum_{i=1}^n \left[ a + \sum_{j=1}^n bn \right] \]

*(For simplicity, some constants that do not impact the analysis have been eliminated.)*

---

In summary, we have analyzed the differences in performance between using an `ArrayList` and a `LinkedList` for the Bubble sort algorithm. The primary takeaway is that whereas the operations in an `ArrayList` take constant time, those in a `LinkedList` are linear with respect to the index, influencing the overall performance significantly.
Transcribed Image Text:### Bubble Sort Algorithm Complexity Analysis **Consider the following simplified code for the Bubble sort algorithm:** ```cpp for (int i = 0; i < list.size() - 1; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < list.size() - 1; j++) { if (list.get(j) > list.get(j + 1)) swap(j, j + 1); } } ``` --- In lecture, we explored running this procedure with an `ArrayList`. In this quiz problem, we will reconsider this procedure with a `LinkedList`. The pertinent difference lies in the cost of the `get`, `set`, and `swap` operations (assuming `swap` uses `get` and `set` as well). While in `ArrayLists` these operations take constant time, for `LinkedLists`, these operations take \( O(i) \) steps to reach index \( i \). In this worst case, we can see that this could be \( O(n) \). Let's explore how this impacts the running time of this Bubble sort code. --- ### Performance Analysis An upper bound on the number of operations carried out by this code can be expressed as a summation where \( n \) is the size of the list and where \( a \) and \( b \) are positive constants: \[ \sum_{i=1}^n \left[ a + \sum_{j=1}^n bn \right] \] *(For simplicity, some constants that do not impact the analysis have been eliminated.)* --- In summary, we have analyzed the differences in performance between using an `ArrayList` and a `LinkedList` for the Bubble sort algorithm. The primary takeaway is that whereas the operations in an `ArrayList` take constant time, those in a `LinkedList` are linear with respect to the index, influencing the overall performance significantly.
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