Consider the following sets: A = {x €NIX >0 AxS 100 A x mod 2 = 0 } B = {X€NIX>0Axs 100 A x mod 4 = 0} C = {x €NIX>0Axs 50} 1. What are the 3 smallest elements in A? 2. What are the 3 largest elements in B? Note that JAJ = 50, IB| = 25, |C| = 50, JA N BỊ = 25, JA N C| = 25, |B nc = 12, JA N BN C| = 12. 3. Use Inclusion-Exclusion to compute JA U CI. Show you work.
Permutations and Combinations
If there are 5 dishes, they can be relished in any order at a time. In permutation, it should be in a particular order. In combination, the order does not matter. Take 3 letters a, b, and c. The possible ways of pairing any two letters are ab, bc, ac, ba, cb and ca. It is in a particular order. So, this can be called the permutation of a, b, and c. But if the order does not matter then ab is the same as ba. Similarly, bc is the same as cb and ac is the same as ca. Here the list has ab, bc, and ac alone. This can be called the combination of a, b, and c.
Counting Theory
The fundamental counting principle is a rule that is used to count the total number of possible outcomes in a given situation.
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