Consider the following reaction. حلال Draw the alkene product of this Wittig reaction. ? Use the wedge/hash bond tools to indicate stereochemistry where it exists. Consider E/Z stereochemistry of alkenes. Include H atoms at chiral centers only. If a group is achiral, do not use wedged or hashed bonds on it. • Do not include lone pairs in your answer. They will not be considered in the grading.
Reactive Intermediates
In chemistry, reactive intermediates are termed as short-lived, highly reactive atoms with high energy. They rapidly transform into stable particles during a chemical reaction. In specific cases, by means of matrix isolation and at low-temperature reactive intermediates can be isolated.
Hydride Shift
A hydride shift is a rearrangement of a hydrogen atom in a carbocation that occurs to make the molecule more stable. In organic chemistry, rearrangement of the carbocation is very easily seen. This rearrangement can be because of the movement of a carbocation to attain stability in the compound. Such structural reorganization movement is called a shift within molecules. After the shifting of carbocation over the different carbon then they form structural isomers of the previous existing molecule.
Vinylic Carbocation
A carbocation where the positive charge is on the alkene carbon is known as the vinyl carbocation or vinyl cation. The empirical formula for vinyl cation is C2H3+. In the vinyl carbocation, the positive charge is on the carbon atom with the double bond therefore it is sp hybridized. It is known to be a part of various reactions, for example, electrophilic addition of alkynes and solvolysis as well. It plays the role of a reactive intermediate in these reactions.
Cycloheptatrienyl Cation
It is an aromatic carbocation having a general formula, [C7 H7]+. It is also known as the aromatic tropylium ion. Its name is derived from the molecule tropine, which is a seven membered carbon atom ring. Cycloheptatriene or tropylidene was first synthesized from tropine.
Stability of Vinyl Carbocation
Carbocations are positively charged carbon atoms. It is also known as a carbonium ion.
(ketone structure on the left reacting with a phosphonium ylide)
- The reaction involves a ketone and a phosphonium ylide, commonly used in Wittig reactions to form an alkene.
**Objective:**
- Draw the alkene product of this Wittig reaction.
**Instructions:**
1. **Stereochemistry Indication:**
- Use the wedge/hash bond tools to indicate stereochemistry where it exists.
2. **E/Z Stereochemistry:**
- Consider E/Z stereochemistry of alkenes when drawing the product.
3. **Hydrogen Atoms:**
- Include hydrogen atoms only at chiral centers.
4. **Achiral Groups:**
- If a group is achiral, do not use wedged or hashed bonds on it.
5. **Exclusion of Lone Pairs:**
- Do not include lone pairs in your answer. They will not be considered in grading.
**Diagram Explanation:**
- The top part includes a chemical reaction scheme with a ketone reacting with a phosphonium ylide.
- A phosphorus atom is bonded to a phenyl group (Ph) with a positive charge (Ph3P^+) acting as a Wittig reagent.
- The outcome is an alkene product with the question mark indicating the structure to be determined.
**Drawing Tools:**
- Below the instructions is a chemical drawing interface/tool with various icons allowing for bond and structure creation.
- Icons include elements, bond types, and templates for cyclic compounds.
Use these tools to accurately depict the alkene product of the reaction according to the guidelines provided.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fdf8f923a-fead-432c-9268-8665df60689d%2F288a3f7f-7a72-4cab-9b50-4ea2f6a51a55%2Fllms0pg_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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