Consider the classic consumer's choice problem of an individual who is allocating Ý dollars of wealth amongst two goods. Let c1 denote the amount of good 1 that the individual would like to consume at a price of P per unit and c2 denote the amount of good 2 that the individual would like to consume at a price of P2 per unit. The individual's utility is defined over the consumption of these two goods (only). Suppose we allow the individual's happiness to be measured by a utility function u(c1, c2) which is increasing and strictly concave in both goods while also satisfying the Inada condition, limcı→0 du(cı,c2) = limcı→0 du(c1,c2) dc2 = ∞. %3D dci The Inada conditions simply say that the slope of the utility function becomes vertical in the direction of the good that has its consumption level go to zero. By assuming increasing and strictly concave utility in both directions, we are assuming that the shape of the utility function is such that, holding constant the amount of one good, as the

Consider the classic consumer's choice problem of an individual who is allocating Ý dollars of wealth amongst two goods. Let c1 denote the amount of good 1 that the individual would like to consume at a price of P per unit and c2 denote the amount of good 2 that the individual would like to consume at a price of P2 per unit. The individual's utility is defined over the consumption of these two goods (only). Suppose we allow the individual's happiness to be measured by a utility function u(c1, c2) which is increasing and strictly concave in both goods while also satisfying the Inada condition, limcı→0 du(cı,c2) = limcı→0 du(c1,c2) dc2 = ∞. %3D dci The Inada conditions simply say that the slope of the utility function becomes vertical in the direction of the good that has its consumption level go to zero. By assuming increasing and strictly concave utility in both directions, we are assuming that the shape of the utility function is such that, holding constant the amount of one good, as the

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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4. Two individuals, Amir and Budi, consume two goods, clothes (X) and shoes (Y). The utility functions for the two individuals are given as: Utility function of Amir, UA = 15X0.25Y0.75Utility function of Budi, UB = 25X0.5Y0.5 The current price for clothes (Px) is Rp 100,000 and the current price for shoes (PY) is Rp 150,000 a. Determine marginal rate of substitution (MRSXY)between clothes (X) and shoes (Y) for Amir and Budi! Please explain. b. Amir is currently consuming 5 units of clothes (X) and 10 units of shoes (Y), whereas Budi is consuming 12 units of clothes (X) and 8 units of shoes (Y). At this current consumption, have Amir and Budi reached the efficient allocation of clothes and shoes? If they have, explain why. If they have not, calculate the optimal allocation and explain. c. Considering the relative price between of clothes and shoes, at the current consumption, have Amir and Budi reached exchange equilibrium? Please explain d. Use the Edgeworth Box to illustrate the…
1.2 Ann and Bob each own 10 bottles of beer and, altogether, they own 20 bags of peanuts. There are no other people and no other goods in the economy, and no production of either good is possible. Using a to denote bottles of beer and y to denote bags of peanuts, Ann's and Bob's preferences are described by the following utility functions: UA (XA, YA) = TAYA and UB (XB, YB) = 2xB+ YB. In each of the following cases, determine the market equilibrium price ratio and allocation and depict the equilibrium in an Edgeworth box diagram. (a) Bob owns 20 bags of peanuts and Ann owns no peanuts. (b) Bob owns 15 bags of peanuts and Ann owns 5 bags. (c) Ann owns 20 bags of peanuts and Bob owns no peanuts.
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12 There are two goods and John's preferences can be represented by u: R²0 R given by u(x) = x₁³x2³. His income and price of the two goods are given by (M, P1, 20 P2) = (12, 1, 2). Which 2 of the following 8 options are false: In John's optimal bundle, he consumes the same amount of good 1 as good 2. If we change John's utility function to u(x) = x + then John's optimal bundle remains unchanged. At John's optimal bundle, the slope of the budget constraint equals the slope of the indifference curve. In John's optimal bundle, he spends the same amount on good 1 as good 2. John's preferences satisfy local non-satiation. At John's optimal bundle, his bang per buck of good 1 equals his bang per buck of good If we change John's utility function to u(x) = In (17 +x₁x₂) then John's optimal bundle remains unchanged. If we change the budget set to (M, P1, P2) = (24, 2, 4) then John's optimal bundle remains unchanged.
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The table shows the total utility data for products S and T. Assume that the prices of S and T are $3 and $5, respectively, and that consumer income is $22. Total Utility 12 27 39 48 51 Units of S 1 2 3 4 5 Multiple Choice If the price of T decreases from $5 to $3, while the price of S and the consumer's income stay the same, then the utility-maximizing combination is such that the quantity of T increases from 2 to 4. Units of T 1 2 3 4 5 Total Utility 20 35 45 50 52 decreases from 4 to 3. stays the same at 2, but the consumer has $1 remaining. increases from 2 to 3, but the consumer has $1 remaining.
Part A . Consider an economy with the following features. • There are 100 identical consumers that derive utility from consuming three different goods: software, computers, and good m. • Each consumer decision utility function is given by U (c, 8) = 4c¹/48¹/4+m, where e denotes the amount of computers that she consumes, s denotes the amount of software that she consumes, and m denotes the amount of good m that she consumes. cand s must be non-negative, but m can take any real value. • Computers are produced by 20 identical competitive firms with a total cost function given by 10c². • Software is produced by 40 identical competitive firms with a total cost function given by 20s². . QUESTION 1: What are the equilibrium prices for software and comput- ers in equilibrium? Part B • Suppose that there is a positive technology shock in the software industry so that that the new cost function of the software firms becomes 10s². Let C and S denote, respectively, the aggregate level of…
John’s preferences for apples (A) and berries (B) are represented by U(A,B)= A+2B . Apples cost £2 and berries £1. Given that John’s monthly income is £30 answer the following questions: What type of goods are apples and berries for John? What is the proportion to which John is willing to exchange apples for berries? Illustrate and solve graphically John’s utility maximization problem. If his income increases every month by £10, how will John’s consumption choice be affected? Illustrate graphically the income expansion path and the Engel curve for each good. How will an increase in the price of berries to £6 affect John’s optimal consumption choice? (John’s income is £30) Graph John’s demand curve for each good. Assume that John wins a voucher of £20, redeemable only in apples. How would this affect John’s utility? (Assume that prices and income are as described initially) Assume that John is presented with two options: an apple voucher of £20 or just £6 to spend on any good he wants.…