Consider incompressible flow in the entrance of a circular tube, as in Fig. P3.53. The inlet flow is uniform, u₁ = Uo- The flow at section 2 is developed pipe flow. Find the wall drag force F as a function of (P₁, P2, P. U, R) if the flow at section 2 is (a) Laminar: u₂ = Umax R 1/7 (b) Turbulent: u Umax - (1 - 1) R P3.53 r=R Vox 2 Friction drag on fluid

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Pressure and Stress