Computer Archetecture

The components of an instruction are its _____ and one or more _____.

When an instruction is first fetched from memory, its placed in the _________________ and then ________________to extract its components.

The contents of a memory location are copied to a register while performing a(n) __________________ operation.

In many CPUs, a register called the _____ stores bit flags representing CPU and program status, including those representing processing errors and the results of comparison operations.

If a microprocessor has a cycle time of 0.5 nanoseconds, what’s the processor clock rate? If the fetch cycle is 40% of the processor cycle time, what memory access speed is required to implement load operations with zero wait states and load operations with two wait states?

How does pipelining improve CPU efficiency? What’s the potential effect on pipelining’s efficiency when executing a conditional BRANCH instruction? What techniques can be used to make pipelining more efficient when executing conditional BRANCH instructions?

The major components of a CPU are the __________, __________, and __________.