Comprehension Problems CP 14–1 The following transactions were carried out by Crozier Manufacturing Limited. Required: Indicate into which category each transaction or adjustment is placed in the statement of cash flows: operating (O), financing (F), or investing (I) activities. ------------------A payment of $5,000 was made on a non‐current bank loan. -----------------Depreciation expense for equipment was$1,000. ----------------$10,000 of common stock was issued for cash. -----------------Cash dividends of $2,500 were declared and paid to stockholders. A non‐current bank loan was assumed in exchange for equipment costing$7,000. -----------------Land was purchased for $25,000cash. -----------------$750 of accrued salaries was paid. ----------------A $5,000 operating loan was obtained. The loan is due on demand and is an integral part of the company’s cash management strategy. --------------$10,000 of accounts receivable was collected. -------------A building was purchased for $80,000: $30,000 was paid in cash and the rest was borrowed. --------------Land was sold for $50,000cash. --------------Equipment was sold for $6,000. The original cost was$10,000. The related accumulation depreciation was $3,000. --------------$1,200 cash was paid for a 12‐month insurance policy to take effect next year. --------------A patent was amortized for$500. --------------Stock was redeemed for $50,000 cash, the original purchase price.
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
Comprehension Problems CP 14–1 The following transactions were carried out by Crozier Manufacturing Limited. Required: Indicate into which category each transaction or adjustment is placed in the statement of
------------------A payment of $5,000 was made on a non‐current bank loan.
-----------------
----------------$10,000 of common stock was issued for cash.
-----------------Cash dividends of $2,500 were declared and paid to stockholders.
A non‐current bank loan was assumed in exchange for equipment costing$7,000.
-----------------Land was purchased for $25,000cash.
-----------------$750 of accrued salaries was paid.
----------------A $5,000 operating loan was obtained. The loan is due on demand and is an integral part of the company’s cash management strategy.
--------------$10,000 of
-------------A building was purchased for $80,000: $30,000 was paid in cash and the rest was borrowed.
--------------Land was sold for $50,000cash.
--------------Equipment was sold for $6,000. The original cost was$10,000. The related
--------------$1,200 cash was paid for a 12‐month insurance policy to take effect next year.
--------------A patent was amortized for$500.
--------------Stock was redeemed for $50,000 cash, the original purchase price.
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