Complex Networks The reproduction number R of an epidemic spreading process taking place on a random network with degree distribution P(k) is given by R = (k(k-1)) (k) (1) where k indicates the degree of the nodes and the average (...) indicates the average over the degree distribution, P(k). Therefore R is the product between the infectivity A of the virus, due to its biological fitness and the branching ratio of the network, depending on the degree distribution of the network and given by (k(k − 1))/(k). According to the value of R the epidemic can be in different regimes: If R > 1 the epidemics is in the supercritical regime: the epidemics spreads on a finite fraction of the population, resulting in a pandemics. • If R < 1 the epidemics is in the subcritical regime: the epidemics affects a infinitesimal fraction of the population and can be considered suppressed. • If R = 1 the epidemics is in the critical regime: this is the regime that separates the previous two regimes. Consider an epidemics with infectivity λ = 1/4. Investigate how the network topology can determine the regime of the epidemics in the following cases. (A) Consider a Poisson network with average degree c = 3 and a Poisson network with average degree c = 5. Calculate R and establish in which regime the epidemic process is in these networks. = (B) Calculate R for a scale-free network with degree distribution P(k) Ck, minimum degree m, maximum degree K and power-law expo- nent 2.5 using the continuous approximation for the degrees. (C) Take the scale-free network considered in point (B) calculate R and establish in which regime the epidemic process is if m = 2, K = 50.
Complex Networks The reproduction number R of an epidemic spreading process taking place on a random network with degree distribution P(k) is given by R = (k(k-1)) (k) (1) where k indicates the degree of the nodes and the average (...) indicates the average over the degree distribution, P(k). Therefore R is the product between the infectivity A of the virus, due to its biological fitness and the branching ratio of the network, depending on the degree distribution of the network and given by (k(k − 1))/(k). According to the value of R the epidemic can be in different regimes: If R > 1 the epidemics is in the supercritical regime: the epidemics spreads on a finite fraction of the population, resulting in a pandemics. • If R < 1 the epidemics is in the subcritical regime: the epidemics affects a infinitesimal fraction of the population and can be considered suppressed. • If R = 1 the epidemics is in the critical regime: this is the regime that separates the previous two regimes. Consider an epidemics with infectivity λ = 1/4. Investigate how the network topology can determine the regime of the epidemics in the following cases. (A) Consider a Poisson network with average degree c = 3 and a Poisson network with average degree c = 5. Calculate R and establish in which regime the epidemic process is in these networks. = (B) Calculate R for a scale-free network with degree distribution P(k) Ck, minimum degree m, maximum degree K and power-law expo- nent 2.5 using the continuous approximation for the degrees. (C) Take the scale-free network considered in point (B) calculate R and establish in which regime the epidemic process is if m = 2, K = 50.
A First Course in Probability (10th Edition)
10th Edition
ISBN:9780134753119
Author:Sheldon Ross
Publisher:Sheldon Ross
Chapter1: Combinatorial Analysis
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
Transcribed Image Text:Complex Networks
The reproduction number R of an epidemic spreading process taking place
on a random network with degree distribution P(k) is given by
R = (k(k-1))
(k)
(1)
where k indicates the degree of the nodes and the average (...) indicates the
average over the degree distribution, P(k).
Therefore R is the product between the infectivity A of the virus, due to its
biological fitness and the branching ratio of the network, depending on the
degree distribution of the network and given by (k(k − 1))/(k).
According to the value of R the epidemic can be in different regimes:
If R > 1 the epidemics is in the supercritical regime: the epidemics
spreads on a finite fraction of the population, resulting in a pandemics.
• If R < 1 the epidemics is in the subcritical regime: the epidemics
affects a infinitesimal fraction of the population and can be considered
suppressed.
• If R = 1 the epidemics is in the critical regime: this is the regime that
separates the previous two regimes.
Consider an epidemics with infectivity λ = 1/4. Investigate how
the network topology can determine the regime of the epidemics
in the following cases.
(A) Consider a Poisson network with average degree c = 3 and a Poisson
network with average degree c = 5. Calculate R and establish in which
regime the epidemic process is in these networks.
=
(B) Calculate R for a scale-free network with degree distribution P(k)
Ck, minimum degree m, maximum degree K and power-law expo-
nent 2.5 using the continuous approximation for the degrees.
(C) Take the scale-free network considered in point (B) calculate R and
establish in which regime the epidemic process is if m = 2, K = 50.
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