Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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![### Fisher Projections in Stereochemistry
In stereochemistry, Fisher projections are used to represent 3D structures of molecules on a 2D plane. This is especially helpful in distinguishing between different stereoisomers.
**Below are examples of molecules represented in both 3D structures and Fisher projections.**
#### Example (c)
**3D Structure**:
- The molecule consists of:
- A hydrogen atom (H)
- An hydroxyl group (OH)
- A chlorine atom (Cl)
- A carbon backbone
**Fisher Projection**:
- The vertical line represents the carbon chain, with the most oxidized carbon at the top.
- The horizontal lines represent bonds that come out of the plane towards the viewer.
Here is the molecule named in IUPAC format:
\[
\begin{array}{c}
\\
\\
\\
|
\vdots
\\
\vdots
\\
|
\\
\vdots
\\
\vdots
4.88
\vdots
\\
\vdots
\\
◈
₋⠤$
\end{array}
\]
#### Example (d)
**3D Structure**:
- The molecule consists of:
- A hydrogen atom (H)
- An ethyl group (CH2CH3)
- A hydroxyl group (OH)
- A bromine atom (Br)
**Fisher Projection**:
- Similar to example (c), the vertical line represents the carbon backbone.
- The horizontal bonds come out of the plane towards the viewer as shown below:
\[
\begin{array}{c@{}c@{}r}
& \text{H} & \text{OH} \\
& | & | \\
\vdots & - \vdots & - \vdots
& | & | \\
\text{Br} & -\circle & - \text{H} \\
& \vdots & \vdots \\
₋ & ⠤⠤ ₋₋ ₋ ⠤ ⠤ -⠤ ⠤ ⠤ ⠤ ⠿ ⧃ ⧃ ⠿ ⠿ ⠾](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Ff6b57570-0ade-4820-a1c0-5c3ac633cdf5%2F2b619f10-12be-4c77-b63c-cf713ae3ff67%2Fn8vckq_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:### Fisher Projections in Stereochemistry
In stereochemistry, Fisher projections are used to represent 3D structures of molecules on a 2D plane. This is especially helpful in distinguishing between different stereoisomers.
**Below are examples of molecules represented in both 3D structures and Fisher projections.**
#### Example (c)
**3D Structure**:
- The molecule consists of:
- A hydrogen atom (H)
- An hydroxyl group (OH)
- A chlorine atom (Cl)
- A carbon backbone
**Fisher Projection**:
- The vertical line represents the carbon chain, with the most oxidized carbon at the top.
- The horizontal lines represent bonds that come out of the plane towards the viewer.
Here is the molecule named in IUPAC format:
\[
\begin{array}{c}
\\
\\
\\
|
\vdots
\\
\vdots
\\
|
\\
\vdots
\\
\vdots
4.88
\vdots
\\
\vdots
\\
◈
₋⠤$
\end{array}
\]
#### Example (d)
**3D Structure**:
- The molecule consists of:
- A hydrogen atom (H)
- An ethyl group (CH2CH3)
- A hydroxyl group (OH)
- A bromine atom (Br)
**Fisher Projection**:
- Similar to example (c), the vertical line represents the carbon backbone.
- The horizontal bonds come out of the plane towards the viewer as shown below:
\[
\begin{array}{c@{}c@{}r}
& \text{H} & \text{OH} \\
& | & | \\
\vdots & - \vdots & - \vdots
& | & | \\
\text{Br} & -\circle & - \text{H} \\
& \vdots & \vdots \\
₋ & ⠤⠤ ₋₋ ₋ ⠤ ⠤ -⠤ ⠤ ⠤ ⠤ ⠿ ⧃ ⧃ ⠿ ⠿ ⠾
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