Q: Mycorrhizal fungi form obligate symbiotic relationships within plants. They are able to fix N2 into…
A: In a symbiotic relationship two organisms live together mutually.One organism provide food to the…
Q: List characteristics common to all animal diseases caused by prions
A: Prion is a term used to describe proteinaceous infectious particles. Prions are misfolded proteins…
Q: The following statements about Streptobacillus moniliformis are all true excepta) it can be…
A: Answer: Introduction: Streptobacillus moniliformis means a non-motile, Gram-negative rod-shaped…
Q: There are fewer antifungal, anti protozoal, and antihelminth drugs compared to antibacterial drugs…
A: The antifungal drug is a drug that is used to kill the fungus. The antiprotozoal drug is a drug that…
Q: Which of these statements about tetanus is true?a) It can start from a bee sting.b) Immunization is…
A: Answer: Introduction: Tetanus means a contamination or infection occurred by Clostridium tetani…
Q: Why do you think the slow growth rate of M. leprae makes leprosy treatment more difficult?
A: Leprosy (or Hansen’s disease) is caused by the infectious bacteria Mycobacterium leprae. The disease…
Q: 14) When considering virulence factors, which class of virulence factor would be most likely to…
A: The immune system is the defence mechanism of the body that protects the body from invading…
Q: Which statement about Yersinia pestis is false?a) Conditions inside human phagocytes activate…
A: Yersinia pestis is a non-motile, rod-shaped, Gram-negative bacterium that do not consists of spores.…
Q: Which of these statements concerning the causative agent of listeriosis is false?a) It can cause…
A: Listeria monocytogenes (Listeriosis) is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium that causes food-borne…
Q: Why does Helicobacter pylori cause ulceractions in the lining of the Stomach? 1)The microbes secrete…
A: Helicobacter pylori is a type of bacteria that can infect the stomach and cause illness.
Q: Which of the following is not applicable to Listeria monocytogenes, or to the disease it causes,…
A: Answer: Listeria monocytogenes are the gram positive bacteria which are mainly responsible for the…
Q: All of the following are true of Legionnaires’ disease excepta) the causative organism can grow…
A: Protozoa include single-celled eukaryotes and can be free-living or parasitic. These feed on organic…
Q: Which one of the following categories for antibacterial agents is most likely to have toxic side…
A: Antibacterial agents Antibacterial agents are the agents that fight against pathogenic bacteria.…
Q: Which one(s) is/are more harmful to the host and why? A) Antifungal agents B) antiprotozoal agents…
A: Ani fungal drugs are the most harmful to human body even more than the anti protozoal agents and the…
Q: What do pathogenesis related proteins and phytoalexins have in common? How do they differ?
A: Pathogenesis related (PR) protein – These proteins are produced by plant in the event of pathogen…
Q: Match the following examples to the appropriate type of symbiosis. - A microbe that lives inside…
A: Introduction:- a) Symbiosis:- Symbiosis is a close ecological relationship between the individuals…
Q: The human or animal host infected by the adult stage of a parasite worm is an: a) Intermediate…
A: Introduction A parasite is a living thing that inhabits its host and feeds off of or at the expense…
Q: Which of the following is NOT true of bacterial endotoxin? 1. None of the other four answers…
A: Endotoxins are produced by gram-negative bacteria as a defence mechanism. These are released into…
Q: Which of the following is a fomite? A) Owater B) Oa used Kleenex (tissue paper) C) O pus D) O…
A: There are various microorganisms that are present in the environment and can cause a wide range of…
Q: All of the following pertain to listeriosis, except O 1) intrauterine infection usually results in…
A: Listeriosis is a serious bacterial infection caused by a bacterium. This can happen by eating any…
Q: How many hosts does Schistosoma japonicum need to infect to complete a life cycle? Which…
A: Answer : Schistosoma japonicum need to infect to complete a life cycle in two hosts. Namely the…
Q: Which of the following is not applicable to Legionella pneumophila, or to the disease it causes,…
A: Bacteria are a type of cell, micro-organisms, a few micrometer in length and are found in various…
Q: This pathogen is usuall foodborne and causes a mostly asymptomic disease. The most common foods…
A: There are many pathogens which causes infections in the human body. Food borne infections are…
Q: Cholera is most commonly transmitted through which route? A)Wound contamination…
A: Infection is caused by the entry, growth, and multiplication of a causative agent. The causative…
Q: The following describes which helminthic parasite? Eggs shed in feces, embryonate in warm, moist…
A: Ans) The description provided corresponds to the lifecycle of Ancylostoma (Hookworm).
Q: Why do you suppose that Clostridium species are major causes of spoilage of canned foods?
A: "Microbiology" is a hugely important field in both basic and applied research. New and fascinating…
Q: Where do the organisms that cause staph and strep infections typically come from? What causes them…
A: Strap infections are mainly caused by staphylococcus bacteria while strep infections are caused by…
Q: How do humans usually become infected with helminths? consuming improperly cooked meats skin…
A: Helminthiasis is also known as worm infection is a parasitic infection of humans and animals. The…
Q: Why are there fewer clinically effective antifungal andantiparasitic agents than antibacterial…
A: Antifungal agents or medications are the drugs or pharmaceuticals that either kill or inhibit the…
Q: Leptospira, Borrelia and Treponema have which of the following in common? Habitat…
A: Spirochetes are enormous motile bacteria with a spiral structure. They are members of the…
Q: 33) Which of the following is a common cause of mycoses? A) Opportunistic Infection B)…
A: Correct answer is D
Q: Which form of Plasmodium passes from mosquitoes to people and causes infection? a) Trophozoites b)…
A: The Genus Plasmodium are unicellular eukaryotes and are obligate parasites of vertebrates and…
Q: Which of the following are true regarding parasites in the phylum Apicomplexa? a) they are…
A: Apicomplexan parasites are the large phylum of intracellular parasites characterized by the apical…
Q: On what basis can prions be differentiated from all otherinfectious agents?
A: Infectious agents that can cause disease or infections after invading the host cells and tissues.…
Q: Abimbola's great grandfather was a member of the Fore tribe of Papua New Guinea that practiced…
A: The Fore tribe of Papua New Guinea practices cannibalism. Except for the gallbladder, which was…
Pathogenicity
Infection and Transmission
The infections are generated by the pathogenic organisms present in the environment. They maintain the capacity to invade a host body and establish colonies. A disease caused by such infectious agents is called a communicable disease or transmissible disease. These diseases spread through diverse means including blood, food, water, air, or vectors.
Compared with all other foodborne or waterborne pathogens,
what is unique about prions?
![](/static/compass_v2/shared-icons/check-mark.png)
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
![Blurred answer](/static/compass_v2/solution-images/blurred-answer.jpg)
- Why does Helicobacter pylori cause ulceractions in the lining of the Stomach? 1)The microbes secrete a toxin that prevents the host from detecting invasion of the microbe and thus allows it to thrive in the stomach and damage the host cells. 2)After invasion of the microbe in the cells lining the stomach, they are no longer able to produce mucous to protect the host cells from acid erosion 3)The microbe produces an enzyme that causes the cell to produce potent digestive enzymes that erode the stomach lining. 4)Once the microbe has entered the stomach, it releases digestive enzymes that degrade the mucous secreting cells.Which of the following is not applicable to Listeria monocytogenes, or to the disease it causes, listeriosis? A) O most people with healthy immune systems are not affected by it, or show only mild symptoms of disease B) Ot can grow at refrigeration temperature C) O it is a facultative intracellular pathogen D) O polymerization of actin on its cell surface allow it to move E) O listeriosis is typically transmitted by an insect vectorAll of the following are true of Legionnaires’ disease excepta) the causative organism can grow inside protozoa.b) it spreads readily from person to person.c) it is more likely to occur in long-term cigarette smokers than in nonsmokers.d) it is often associated with diarrhea or other intestinal symptoms.e) it can be contracted from household water supplies.
- Why are there fewer clinically effective antifungal andantiparasitic agents than antibacterial agents?Match the following examples to the appropriate type of symbiosis. - A microbe that lives inside the large intestine of a human, getting food from its host and protecting the host from disease a) Not a symbiosis b)parasitism c)commensalism d) mutualism -An insect that builds protected nests in trees, but does not help or damage the tree a) Not a symbiosis b)parasitism c)commensalism d) mutualism -A lamprey that attaches to other fish and sucks their blood throughout their life a) Not a symbiosis b)parasitism c)commensalism d) mutualism - A robin that eats worms out of the ground a) Not a symbiosis b)parasitism c)commensalism d) mutualismWhich of the following is not applicable to Legionella pneumophila, or to the disease it causes, Legionnaire's disease? A) O It causes an atypical form of pneumonia B) OFound in the environment, typically as an intracellular parasite of amoebas C) O lt is a Gram-negative motile rod D) OIt is a foodborne disease E) OIt is an invasive pathogen that can multiply within macrophages
- This pathogen is usuall foodborne and causes a mostly asymptomic disease. The most common foods associated with it are deli meats and unpasteurized dairy products. It rarely cause meningitis and spsis. It is mainly of concern because it can lead to still birth. This pathogen is a) Stahylococcus aureus b) Streptococci pneumoniae c) Listeria monocytogens d) Streptocpccus pyogenesHow do humans usually become infected with helminths? consuming improperly cooked meats skin contact with infected animals or humans consuming unpasteurized milk and dairy products drinking from polluted water sources contact with infected fecesAll of the following pertain to listeriosis, except 1) intrauterine infection usually results in fetal death. 2) enterotoxin of the organism causes symptoms. 3) it causes a serious septicemia and meningitis in the elderly, immunocompromised, and infants. U 4) it causes symptoms of fever, diarrhea, and sore throat. 5) adequate pasteurization and thorough cooking of food can improve prevention.