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Compare the-chemical reactivity of calcium and magnesium. Explain the red litmus paper result. Can you suggest a reason for the difference in chemical reactivity of these two elements even though they are in the same group?

Compare the-chemical reactivity of calcium and magnesium. Explain the red litmus paper result. Can you suggest a reason for the difference in chemical reactivity of these two elements even though they are in the same group?

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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1. Compare the-chemical reactivity of calcium and magnesium. 2. Explain the red litmus paper result. 3. Can you suggest a reason for the difference in chemical reactivity of these two elements even though they are in the same group?
Transcribed Image Text:1. Compare the-chemical reactivity of calcium and magnesium. 2. Explain the red litmus paper result. 3. Can you suggest a reason for the difference in chemical reactivity of these two elements even though they are in the same group?
Part A: CALCIUM - determine how many pieces of calcium you need A. Fill a large test tube with water and invert it into a beaker full of water. Drop a piece of dean calcium into the beaker and hold the inverted test tube immediately above it. When the reaction is over (or when the tube is full of gas), remove it from the beaker but keep it inverted and bring a flaming splint to its mouth. Save the liquid in the beaker and test it with a strip of red litmus paper. i. ii. iii. iv. OBSERVATIONS: gas produced; pop with flaming splint; water turned red litmus paper blue В. Hold a flake of calcium with the crucible tongs and put it into a bunsen flame for 2-3 minutes. Allow the residue to cool. iii. i. i. Wet a piece of red litmus paper and touch the residue. Then drop the residue into a test tube and half fill it with water. Does the residue dissolve? iv. V. OBSERVATIONS: residue did not dissolve very well and turned litmus paper blue C. Very carefully drop a small piece of clean calcium into 5 mL of hydrochloric acid in a small test tube and collect the gas by placing your thumb over the test tube. i. ii. Test the gas with a flaming splint. OBSERVATIONS: vigorous reaction and white solid formed; gas popped in a flaming splint Part B: MAGNESIUM - determine how many pieces of magnesium you need D. Clean two pieces of magnesium ribbon. Drop one piece into a test tube of cold water and the second into a test tube of very hot water. Observe each test tube carefully for signs of a reaction. Drop a piece of red litmus paper into each test tube. Remove the magnesium strips and re-use them for the next experiments. i. ii. ii. iv. V. OBSERVATIONS: cold water showed no reaction; hot water showed vigorous reaction; red litmus did not turn blue Drop a piece of clean magnesium from the cold tube into a test tube containing some dilute hydrochloric acid. Test the gas with a flaming splint. ví. vii. OBSERVATIONS: magnesium reacts producing bubbles: gas popped in a flaming splint E. Burn a strip of magnesium in the air using the crucible tongs and transfer the residue to a test tube of water. Note the solubility of the solid. Drop a piece of red litmus paper into the test tube. Heat the liquid and note all changes. i. i. ii. iv. OBSERVATIONS: bright light produced, solid only slightly soluble: turned litmus paper blue
Transcribed Image Text:Part A: CALCIUM - determine how many pieces of calcium you need A. Fill a large test tube with water and invert it into a beaker full of water. Drop a piece of dean calcium into the beaker and hold the inverted test tube immediately above it. When the reaction is over (or when the tube is full of gas), remove it from the beaker but keep it inverted and bring a flaming splint to its mouth. Save the liquid in the beaker and test it with a strip of red litmus paper. i. ii. iii. iv. OBSERVATIONS: gas produced; pop with flaming splint; water turned red litmus paper blue В. Hold a flake of calcium with the crucible tongs and put it into a bunsen flame for 2-3 minutes. Allow the residue to cool. iii. i. i. Wet a piece of red litmus paper and touch the residue. Then drop the residue into a test tube and half fill it with water. Does the residue dissolve? iv. V. OBSERVATIONS: residue did not dissolve very well and turned litmus paper blue C. Very carefully drop a small piece of clean calcium into 5 mL of hydrochloric acid in a small test tube and collect the gas by placing your thumb over the test tube. i. ii. Test the gas with a flaming splint. OBSERVATIONS: vigorous reaction and white solid formed; gas popped in a flaming splint Part B: MAGNESIUM - determine how many pieces of magnesium you need D. Clean two pieces of magnesium ribbon. Drop one piece into a test tube of cold water and the second into a test tube of very hot water. Observe each test tube carefully for signs of a reaction. Drop a piece of red litmus paper into each test tube. Remove the magnesium strips and re-use them for the next experiments. i. ii. ii. iv. V. OBSERVATIONS: cold water showed no reaction; hot water showed vigorous reaction; red litmus did not turn blue Drop a piece of clean magnesium from the cold tube into a test tube containing some dilute hydrochloric acid. Test the gas with a flaming splint. ví. vii. OBSERVATIONS: magnesium reacts producing bubbles: gas popped in a flaming splint E. Burn a strip of magnesium in the air using the crucible tongs and transfer the residue to a test tube of water. Note the solubility of the solid. Drop a piece of red litmus paper into the test tube. Heat the liquid and note all changes. i. i. ii. iv. OBSERVATIONS: bright light produced, solid only slightly soluble: turned litmus paper blue
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