Compare and contrast open and closed circulatory systems. Give at least 3 common characteristics and 3 differences.
Cardiovascular system plays a vital role in the transport/supply of nutrients, gases and removal of waste products from the body. It has three components: blood, heart and the blood vessels.
Heart is derived from the mesodermal layer and is situated in between the lungs, slightly towards the left side. The epicardium, endocardium and myocardium are the three layers of the heart wall. It has four chambers, two auricles and two ventricles.
The movement of the blood from the right ventricle through the lungs and then back into the left atrium constitutes the pulmonary circulation. The oxygenated blood from the left atrium moves into the left ventricle which is then circulated to all the parts of the body through the aorta. The movement of the blood from the left ventricle to all body parts and back into the right atrium constitutes the systemic circulation.
Heart is a myogenic organ and the action potential is generated in the sinoatrial node located in the right atrium. It then travels to the atrioventricular node located in the atrioventricular septum. The signal then travels to the Bundle of His and Purkinje fibres resulting in the conduction of cardiac potential throughout the heart.
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