Comparative financial statement data for Carmono Company follow: This Year Last Year Assets Cash $3 $ 6 Accounts receivable 22 24 Inventory 50 40 Total current assets 75 70 240 200 65 50 Property, plant, and equipment Less accumulated depreciation Net property, plant, and equipment Total assets 175 150 $ 250 $ 220 Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity Accounts payable Common stock $ 40 $36 150 145 Retained earnings 60 39 Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 250 $ 220 For this year, the company reported net income as follows: Sales $ 275 Cost of goods sold 150 Gross margin 125 Selling and administrative expenses 90 Net income $ 35 This year Carmono declared and paid a cash dividend. There were no sales of property, plant, and equip company did not repurchase any of its own stock this year. Required: Using the direct method, convert the company's income statement to a cash basis. (Adjustment amount should be indicated with a minus sign.)
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
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