CO₂H CO₂H a. Draw the reactants that can be used in each of the two different Diels-Alder reactions. b. Which route is better? Explain why in complete sentences.
Catalysis and Enzymatic Reactions
Catalysis is the kind of chemical reaction in which the rate (speed) of a reaction is enhanced by the catalyst which is not consumed during the process of reaction and afterward it is removed when the catalyst is not used to make up the impurity in the product. The enzymatic reaction is the reaction that is catalyzed via enzymes.
Lock And Key Model
The lock-and-key model is used to describe the catalytic enzyme activity, based on the interaction between enzyme and substrate. This model considers the lock as an enzyme and the key as a substrate to explain this model. The concept of how a unique distinct key only can have the access to open a particular lock resembles how the specific substrate can only fit into the particular active site of the enzyme. This is significant in understanding the intermolecular interaction between proteins and plays a vital role in drug interaction.
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![The compound below can be produced through two different Diels-Alder reactions.
CO₂H
CO₂H
a. Draw the reactants that can be used in each of the two different Diels-Alder reactions.
b. Which route is better? Explain why in complete sentences.
Diels-Alder reactions are not limited to dienes and dienophiles with only carbon atoms like we have seen in
lecture. Other atoms (heteroatoms) can be included in the system of the diene and/or the dienophile. The
following are examples of hetero Diels-Alder reactions. Draw the mechanism and predict the product of both
reactions, paying particular attention to stereochemistry.
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Solution:
We know Diels Alder reactions are stereospecific reaction, so the stereochemistry depends on the stereochemistry of the reactants.
Simply the stereochemistry of the reactants is preserved into product also. It means cis reactants gives cis product and vice versa.
Endo rule is Diels Alder reactions: Generally, endo products are comparatively more stable than exo product
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