Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are the organic compounds that are obtained in foods and living matters in the shape of sugars, cellulose, and starch. The general formula of carbohydrates is Cn(H2O)2. The ratio of H and O present in carbohydrates is identical to water.
Starch
Starch is a polysaccharide carbohydrate that belongs to the category of polysaccharide carbohydrates.
Mutarotation
The rotation of a particular structure of the chiral compound because of the epimerization is called mutarotation. It is the repercussion of the ring chain tautomerism. In terms of glucose, this can be defined as the modification in the equilibrium of the α- and β- glucose anomers upon its dissolution in the solvent water. This process is usually seen in the chemistry of carbohydrates.
L Sugar
A chemical compound that is represented with a molecular formula C6H12O6 is called L-(-) sugar. At the carbon’s 5th position, the hydroxyl group is placed to the compound’s left and therefore the sugar is represented as L(-)-sugar. It is capable of rotating the polarized light’s plane in the direction anticlockwise. L isomers are one of the 2 isomers formed by the configurational stereochemistry of the carbohydrates.
\[ \text{H}_3\text{C} - \text{C} - \text{CH}_2\text{CH}_3 \]
**Options:**
- acid
- aldehyde
- amine
- ketone
- carbonyl
**Explanation of the molecule:**
The molecule depicted in the image is a structural formula showing the arrangement of atoms and bonds within the molecule. It contains a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to two alkyl groups on either side, specifically a methyl group (CH₃-) and an ethyl group (CH₂CH₃-), indicating that this molecule is a ketone. Ketones are characterized by a carbonyl group attached to two carbon atoms.
Given the options:
- **acid:** This option is incorrect because the molecule does not contain a carboxyl group (-COOH).
- **aldehyde:** This option is incorrect because aldehydes have a carbonyl group bonded to at least one hydrogen atom and one alkyl group.
- **amine:** This option is incorrect because amines contain nitrogen atoms with one to three alkyl or aryl groups, not a carbonyl group.
- **ketone:** This option is correct because ketones have a carbonyl group between two alkyl groups.
- **carbonyl:** This option is partially correct, as carbonyl is a functional group present in aldehydes, ketones, acids, etc., but it doesn't specify the type of compound clearly.
Therefore, the correct classification for the molecule is:
- **ketone**](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F5707f817-26ef-49f8-a626-ee896014d672%2F67bec5ad-e46a-4b9f-b851-2f666ec4c33e%2Fnyt6mao_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
The image depicts the structural formula of a molecule for classification. The molecule consists of a three-carbon chain with various substituents attached. Specifically, the central carbon is bonded to three different groups:
1. The first carbon (left) is bonded to H₃C (a methyl group), an oxygen (indicating a carbonyl group, specifically an aldehyde functional group), and a hydrogen.
2. The second carbon (middle) bonds to an H₃C group (another methyl group), a hydrogen, and a CH₂-CH₃ group (an ethyl group).
3. The third carbon (right) is bonded to an ethyl group (CH₂-CH₃) and a hydrogen atom.
### Explanation:
- **Carbon 1:**
- Methyl Group (CH₃)
- Aldehyde Group (CHO)
- **Carbon 2:**
- Methyl Group (CH₃)
- Hydrogen (H)
- Ethyl Group (CH₂-CH₃)
- **Carbon 3:**
- Hydrogen (H)
- Ethyl Group (CH₂-CH₃)
### Functional Group Analysis:
The molecule has an aldehyde functional group (CHO) attached to the first carbon atom. Alpha carbon (the second carbon) lies next to it, carrying additional substituents—a methyl and an ethyl group.
### Classification:
This molecule can be classified based on its functional group, which is an aldehyde, and its complex carbon branching. This gives insights into its chemical properties and reactivity.
### Significance in Chemistry:
Understanding the molecular structure is critical for discerning the properties and potential reactions of the compound. Aldehydes typically show reactivity in oxidation-reduction reactions, among others, which is fundamental knowledge for organic chemistry studies.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F5707f817-26ef-49f8-a626-ee896014d672%2F67bec5ad-e46a-4b9f-b851-2f666ec4c33e%2Ftbd0y09_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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