Classical Mendelian Genetics, Incomplete Dominance, Codominance, and Multiple Alleles 1. Complete the table given below regarding the phenotype and genotype ratios in complet dominant traits. R and r represent the dominant and recessive allele, respectively. Type of Cross Genotype Ratio Phenotype Ratio rrx rr RRx rr Rrx rr Rrx Rr RR x Rr RR x RR *How would the genotype ratios be affected if the mode o inheritance in incomplete dominanc Codominance? 2. In dogs, barer trait is controlled by a dominant gene D and the silent trait by the recessive gene Normal tail is dependent on a dominant gene M and the screw m. Give the probable genotypes the parents in the following crosses: Phenotype of parents Phenotypes of progeny Genotypes of parents Barker normal Barker Silent screw normal normal Silent a. silent normal x silent normal 0 0 6 2 b. barker normal x silent normal 7 2 8 3

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Genetic Variation

Genetic variation refers to the variation in the genome sequences between individual organisms of a species. Individual differences or population differences can both be referred to as genetic variations. It is primarily caused by mutation, but other factors such as genetic drift and sexual reproduction also play a major role.

Quantitative Genetics

Quantitative genetics is the part of genetics that deals with the continuous trait, where the expression of various genes influences the phenotypes. Thus genes are expressed together to produce a trait with continuous variability. This is unlike the classical traits or qualitative traits, where each trait is controlled by the expression of a single or very few genes to produce a discontinuous variation.