Simple harmonic motion
Simple harmonic motion is a type of periodic motion in which an object undergoes oscillatory motion. The restoring force exerted by the object exhibiting SHM is proportional to the displacement from the equilibrium position. The force is directed towards the mean position. We see many examples of SHM around us, common ones are the motion of a pendulum, spring and vibration of strings in musical instruments, and so on.
Simple Pendulum
A simple pendulum comprises a heavy mass (called bob) attached to one end of the weightless and flexible string.
Oscillation
In Physics, oscillation means a repetitive motion that happens in a variation with respect to time. There is usually a central value, where the object would be at rest. Additionally, there are two or more positions between which the repetitive motion takes place. In mathematics, oscillations can also be described as vibrations. The most common examples of oscillation that is seen in daily lives include the alternating current (AC) or the motion of a moving pendulum.
A person lowers a bucket into a well by turning the hand crank, as the drawing illustrates. The crank handle moves with a constant tangential speed of 1.15 m/s on its circular path. The rope holding the bucket unwinds without slipping on the barrel of the crank. Find the linear speed with which the bucket moves down the well.
![This image depicts a traditional water well with a manual pulley system for drawing water. It consists of the following components:
1. **Well Structure**: The well is constructed with a circular stone wall, indicating a typical dug well design for storing and accessing water.
2. **Pulley System**:
- A horizontal wooden beam supported by two vertical posts spans across the top of the well.
- A rope with a bucket attached is tied around the beam, allowing the bucket to be lowered into the well to collect water.
3. **Measurements**:
- **Pulley Diameter**: The small section illustrates part of a pulley with a diameter of 0.100 meters. This represents the diameter of the pulley wheel over which the rope runs.
- **Drum Diameter**: The larger section shows the drum (circular section of the winding mechanism) with a diameter of 0.400 meters. This part is crucial for winding the rope as the bucket is pulled up.
The illustration highlights the mechanics of a simple windlass, using the diameters of the pulley and drum to demonstrate leverage and mechanical advantage in lifting the bucket of water.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F6cc909b9-6e66-4544-951b-fbea744c0578%2F1e776565-aef3-4d36-b897-c6b2988495b8%2F8vwlo5_processed.gif&w=3840&q=75)
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