Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Cell Division
Cell division involves the formation of new daughter cells from the parent cells. It is a part of the cell cycle that takes place in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Cell division is required for three main reasons:
Question
choices:
purine or pyrimidine
ribose or deoxyribose
1-9?
hydrogen or phosphodiester
1-9?
an -OH or no -OH
1-9?
![**Understanding Nucleotide Structure and Function**
**Nucleotide Structure:**
The diagram below shows a nucleotide with a **[ Select ]** base and a **[ Select ]** sugar.
**Questions:**
1. **Which arrow points to the 5’ carbon of the sugar?**
- **[ Select ]**
2. **A polymerase adding this nucleotide to a newly synthesized strand would create one [ Select ] bond at what arrow?**
- **[ Select ]**
3. **In dideoxy sequencing, the dideoxy nucleotides are different because they have [ Select ] on the carbon labeled with arrow number [ Select ].**
**Explanation of Diagram:**
The image shows the molecular structure of a nucleotide with specific points labeled by orange arrows and numbers. The nucleotide is composed of a phosphate group, a sugar molecule (deoxyribose in the case of DNA), and a nitrogenous base. Here are the detailed explanations of each labeled number in the diagram:
1. **Arrow 1:**
- Points to the phosphate group attached to the 5' carbon of the sugar molecule.
2. **Arrow 2:**
- Indicates the bond connecting the phosphate group to the 5' carbon of the sugar.
3. **Arrow 3:**
- Represents the 3' carbon of the sugar, which is typically where the next nucleotide attaches to form a phosphodiester bond during DNA synthesis.
4. **Arrow 4:**
- Points to the nitrogenous base, specific details unknown from the image text but essential for forming base pairs in DNA structure.
5. **Arrow 5:**
- Indicates the 1' carbon of the sugar where the nitrogenous base is attached.
6. **Arrow 6:**
- Labels a specific functional group or atom within the nitrogenous base that may be involved in various biochemical interactions.
7. **Arrow 7:**
- Indicates the 3' hydroxyl group in the deoxyribose sugar essential for forming phosphodiester bonds during DNA polymerization.
8. **Arrow 8:**
- Points to the 2' carbon of the sugar, which in deoxyribose, lacks a hydroxyl group (as compared to ribose).
9. **Arrow 9:**
- Shows another group or functional part of the nitrogenous base involved in the nucleotide's structural or functional attributes.
This](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F6bcf12f9-1e3d-46e3-b6d6-63c44bb26651%2Fb557b365-4d8d-4819-9bb3-2d6fe9f6b601%2Fmyx1jy8_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Understanding Nucleotide Structure and Function**
**Nucleotide Structure:**
The diagram below shows a nucleotide with a **[ Select ]** base and a **[ Select ]** sugar.
**Questions:**
1. **Which arrow points to the 5’ carbon of the sugar?**
- **[ Select ]**
2. **A polymerase adding this nucleotide to a newly synthesized strand would create one [ Select ] bond at what arrow?**
- **[ Select ]**
3. **In dideoxy sequencing, the dideoxy nucleotides are different because they have [ Select ] on the carbon labeled with arrow number [ Select ].**
**Explanation of Diagram:**
The image shows the molecular structure of a nucleotide with specific points labeled by orange arrows and numbers. The nucleotide is composed of a phosphate group, a sugar molecule (deoxyribose in the case of DNA), and a nitrogenous base. Here are the detailed explanations of each labeled number in the diagram:
1. **Arrow 1:**
- Points to the phosphate group attached to the 5' carbon of the sugar molecule.
2. **Arrow 2:**
- Indicates the bond connecting the phosphate group to the 5' carbon of the sugar.
3. **Arrow 3:**
- Represents the 3' carbon of the sugar, which is typically where the next nucleotide attaches to form a phosphodiester bond during DNA synthesis.
4. **Arrow 4:**
- Points to the nitrogenous base, specific details unknown from the image text but essential for forming base pairs in DNA structure.
5. **Arrow 5:**
- Indicates the 1' carbon of the sugar where the nitrogenous base is attached.
6. **Arrow 6:**
- Labels a specific functional group or atom within the nitrogenous base that may be involved in various biochemical interactions.
7. **Arrow 7:**
- Indicates the 3' hydroxyl group in the deoxyribose sugar essential for forming phosphodiester bonds during DNA polymerization.
8. **Arrow 8:**
- Points to the 2' carbon of the sugar, which in deoxyribose, lacks a hydroxyl group (as compared to ribose).
9. **Arrow 9:**
- Shows another group or functional part of the nitrogenous base involved in the nucleotide's structural or functional attributes.
This
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