CHM 010 Virtual Lab: Identifying elements by their properties. Background: Elements are generally divided into 3 main groups within the periodic table -‐ metals, nonmetals and metalloids. All elements have certain properties. For example, most metals are hard shiny solids. They are good conductors of electricity and heat. Metals are also malleable and ductile. Most nonmetals are gases at room temperature. Solid nonmetals are dull and neither malleable or ductile. Nonmetals are poor conductors on electricity and heat. Some elements have properties of both metals and nonmetals. These elements are called metalloids or semi-‐metals. Problems: In this virtual lab you will test mystery elements to discover their properties. You will use what you know about the properties of these elements to determine what they are. 1) Compare and contrast the properties of the elements. 2) Identify elements based on their properties. Hypothesis: Which test (property) is most helpful for determining the mystery elements? Density, Flame Color, Melting Point, Boiling Point? Do you need to perform more than one test to determine the mystery element and state why? State why you think so. Answer to your hypothesis, before performing the lab experiment. Questions 1. Summarize the process you used to identify the mystery elements. 2. How do scientific tests help determine the properties of substances? 3. Which one of the scientific tests used in this lab has results that could be a bit vague and difficult to interpret if you were doing it in real life? Explain. 4. Do you still think you would have been able to identify all of the mystery elements if you were only allowed to perform one or two tests on each element? Why or why not? 5. Why are some mystery elements easier to identify than others? 6. Review what you wrote for your hypothesis. Were you right about which test was most helpful for determining the mystery elements? Explain
States of Matter
The substance that constitutes everything in the universe is known as matter. Matter comprises atoms which in turn are composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Different atoms combine together to give rise to molecules that act as a foundation for all kinds of substances. There are five states of matter based on their energies of attraction, namely solid, liquid, gases, plasma, and BEC (Bose-Einstein condensates).
Chemical Reactions and Equations
When a chemical species is transformed into another chemical species it is said to have undergone a chemical reaction. It consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new bonds by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.
CHM 010 Virtual Lab: Identifying elements by their properties.
Background: Elements are generally divided into 3 main groups within the periodic table -‐ metals, nonmetals and metalloids. All elements have certain properties. For example, most metals are hard shiny solids. They are good conductors of electricity and heat. Metals are also malleable and ductile. Most nonmetals are gases at room temperature. Solid nonmetals are dull and neither malleable or ductile. Nonmetals are poor conductors on electricity and heat. Some elements have properties of both metals and nonmetals. These elements are called metalloids or semi-‐metals.
Problems: In this virtual lab you will test mystery elements to discover their properties. You will use what you know about the properties of these elements to determine what they are. 1) Compare and contrast the properties of the elements. 2) Identify elements based on their properties.
Hypothesis: Which test (property) is most helpful for determining the mystery elements? Density, Flame Color, Melting Point, Boiling Point? Do you need to perform more than one test to determine the mystery element and state why? State why you think so.
Answer to your hypothesis, before performing the lab experiment.
Questions
1. Summarize the process you used to identify the mystery elements.
2. How do scientific tests help determine the properties of substances?
3. Which one of the scientific tests used in this lab has results that could be a bit vague and difficult to interpret if you were doing it in real life? Explain.
4. Do you still think you would have been able to identify all of the mystery elements if you were only allowed to perform one or two tests on each element? Why or why not?
5. Why are some mystery elements easier to identify than others?
6. Review what you wrote for your hypothesis. Were you right about which test was most helpful for determining the mystery elements? Explain
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