## Viscosities of Some Familiar Liquids at 20°C ### Table 11.3 | Liquid | Viscosity (N•s/m²) | |----------------|---------------------| | Acetone (C₃H₆O) | 3.16 x 10⁻⁴ | | Water (H₂O) | 1.02 x 10⁻³ | | Ethanol (C₂H₅OH)| 1.20 x 10⁻³ | | Mercury (Hg) | 1.55 x 10⁻³ | | Methanol (CH₄O) | 5.42 x 10⁻⁴ | | Blood | 4 x 10⁻³ | | Glycerol (C₃H₈O₃)| 1.49 | ### Questions for Consideration 1. Why do you think glycerol has such a high viscosity? 2. Why do you think water has such a high viscosity? ### Multiple-Choice Statement Circle the right answer: Liquids that have strong intermolecular forces have **higher/lower** viscosities than those that have weaker intermolecular forces. ### Diagram The image includes a structural formula diagram of Glycerol, represented as follows: - **Glycerol**: The structure shows a chain with three carbon (C) atoms, each bonded with hydrogen (H) and hydroxyl (OH) groups. ### Explanation Glycerol has a high viscosity due to the presence of three hydroxyl groups that can form hydrogen bonds, significantly increasing intermolecular forces. This results in more resistance to flow, hence higher viscosity. Similarly, water has high viscosity relative to its molecular weight because of its ability to form extensive hydrogen bonding networks.
## Viscosities of Some Familiar Liquids at 20°C ### Table 11.3 | Liquid | Viscosity (N•s/m²) | |----------------|---------------------| | Acetone (C₃H₆O) | 3.16 x 10⁻⁴ | | Water (H₂O) | 1.02 x 10⁻³ | | Ethanol (C₂H₅OH)| 1.20 x 10⁻³ | | Mercury (Hg) | 1.55 x 10⁻³ | | Methanol (CH₄O) | 5.42 x 10⁻⁴ | | Blood | 4 x 10⁻³ | | Glycerol (C₃H₈O₃)| 1.49 | ### Questions for Consideration 1. Why do you think glycerol has such a high viscosity? 2. Why do you think water has such a high viscosity? ### Multiple-Choice Statement Circle the right answer: Liquids that have strong intermolecular forces have **higher/lower** viscosities than those that have weaker intermolecular forces. ### Diagram The image includes a structural formula diagram of Glycerol, represented as follows: - **Glycerol**: The structure shows a chain with three carbon (C) atoms, each bonded with hydrogen (H) and hydroxyl (OH) groups. ### Explanation Glycerol has a high viscosity due to the presence of three hydroxyl groups that can form hydrogen bonds, significantly increasing intermolecular forces. This results in more resistance to flow, hence higher viscosity. Similarly, water has high viscosity relative to its molecular weight because of its ability to form extensive hydrogen bonding networks.
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ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
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Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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Transcribed Image Text:## Viscosities of Some Familiar Liquids at 20°C
### Table 11.3
| Liquid | Viscosity (N•s/m²) |
|----------------|---------------------|
| Acetone (C₃H₆O) | 3.16 x 10⁻⁴ |
| Water (H₂O) | 1.02 x 10⁻³ |
| Ethanol (C₂H₅OH)| 1.20 x 10⁻³ |
| Mercury (Hg) | 1.55 x 10⁻³ |
| Methanol (CH₄O) | 5.42 x 10⁻⁴ |
| Blood | 4 x 10⁻³ |
| Glycerol (C₃H₈O₃)| 1.49 |
### Questions for Consideration
1. Why do you think glycerol has such a high viscosity?
2. Why do you think water has such a high viscosity?
### Multiple-Choice Statement
Circle the right answer:
Liquids that have strong intermolecular forces have **higher/lower** viscosities than those that have weaker intermolecular forces.
### Diagram
The image includes a structural formula diagram of Glycerol, represented as follows:
- **Glycerol**: The structure shows a chain with three carbon (C) atoms, each bonded with hydrogen (H) and hydroxyl (OH) groups.
### Explanation
Glycerol has a high viscosity due to the presence of three hydroxyl groups that can form hydrogen bonds, significantly increasing intermolecular forces. This results in more resistance to flow, hence higher viscosity. Similarly, water has high viscosity relative to its molecular weight because of its ability to form extensive hydrogen bonding networks.
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