**Exercise on Identifying Enantiomers** *Instruction:* Check the box under each structure in the table that is an enantiomer of the molecule shown below. If none of them are, check the "none of the above" box under the table. *Target Molecule:* - A cyclic structure with an OH group attached. This molecule is in a specific 3D orientation with bonds represented as wedge and dash. *Options:* 1. **Molecule 1:** - Structure similar to the target molecule with the OH group oriented in a specific direction. 2. **Molecule 2:** - Structure with the OH group in a different orientation compared to the target molecule. 3. **Molecule 3:** - Structure with the OH group in yet another different orientation. 4. **Molecule 4:** - Structure similar with an OH group, but possibly oriented differently from the target. 5. **Molecule 5:** - Structure with its OH group placed in a different spatial orientation. 6. **Molecule 6:** - Structure with the OH group in an orientation different from the target. *Additional Option:* - **None of the above:** Check this if no molecule matches as an enantiomer to the target molecule. *Buttons:* - "Explanation" - "Check" These buttons likely provide further instructions or feedback about the exercise.
Reactive Intermediates
In chemistry, reactive intermediates are termed as short-lived, highly reactive atoms with high energy. They rapidly transform into stable particles during a chemical reaction. In specific cases, by means of matrix isolation and at low-temperature reactive intermediates can be isolated.
Hydride Shift
A hydride shift is a rearrangement of a hydrogen atom in a carbocation that occurs to make the molecule more stable. In organic chemistry, rearrangement of the carbocation is very easily seen. This rearrangement can be because of the movement of a carbocation to attain stability in the compound. Such structural reorganization movement is called a shift within molecules. After the shifting of carbocation over the different carbon then they form structural isomers of the previous existing molecule.
Vinylic Carbocation
A carbocation where the positive charge is on the alkene carbon is known as the vinyl carbocation or vinyl cation. The empirical formula for vinyl cation is C2H3+. In the vinyl carbocation, the positive charge is on the carbon atom with the double bond therefore it is sp hybridized. It is known to be a part of various reactions, for example, electrophilic addition of alkynes and solvolysis as well. It plays the role of a reactive intermediate in these reactions.
Cycloheptatrienyl Cation
It is an aromatic carbocation having a general formula, [C7 H7]+. It is also known as the aromatic tropylium ion. Its name is derived from the molecule tropine, which is a seven membered carbon atom ring. Cycloheptatriene or tropylidene was first synthesized from tropine.
Stability of Vinyl Carbocation
Carbocations are positively charged carbon atoms. It is also known as a carbonium ion.
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