The image represents the chemical structure of 2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane, also known as pristane. ### Diagram Explanation: - **Carbon Backbone**: The zig-zag lines indicate a hydrocarbon chain typical of organic compounds, with carbon atoms implied at each vertex or line ending. - **Methyl Groups**: There are four branching points along the chain where methyl groups (CH₃) are attached. These branches occur at the 2nd, 6th, 10th, and 14th carbon positions in the chain, which aligns with the name "tetramethyl." - **Linear Structure**: The overall molecule presents a slightly undulating linear form, characteristic of saturated hydrocarbons. This compound is often used in research labs and has applications in the study of autoimmune diseases and as a biochemical marker.
Classes Of Functional Groups
Organic Chemistry deals mostly with carbon and hydrogens, also called hydrocarbons, but those groups which replace hydrogen and bonds with carbon to give a characteristic nature, unique of their own, to the hydrocarbon they are attached to, are called functional groups. All the compounds belonging to a functional group undergo reactions in a similar pattern and are known to have similar physical and chemical properties.
Characteristics Of Functional Groups
In organic chemistry, we encounter a number of special substituent groups which are attached to the hydrocarbon backbone. These groups impart certain characteristics to the molecule of which it is a part of and thus, become the highlight of that particular molecule.
IUPAC Nomenclature
In Chemistry, IUPAC stands for International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry which suggested a systematic naming approach for the organic and inorganic compounds, as in the beginning stage of nomenclature one single chemical compound was named in many ways by which lead to confusion. The need for this approach aroused as the number of chemical compounds newly discovered were increasing (approximately 32 million compounds) and the basic concept of nomenclature i.e. the trivial nomenclature and the derived system of nomenclature failed to overcome the challenge. It is an important task to name a chemical compound systematically and unambiguously which reduces lots of confusion about the newly reported compounds.
name the compund
For naming of alkene the double bonded carbon atoms are taken in longest chain and numbering is done from that side so that double bonded carbon gets lowered number.For naming of alkene substituents are placed first then naming of rest of the part done according to rule.
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