**Educational Content on Molecular Orbital Theory:** **Procedure: Answer the following questions related to Molecular Orbital Theory.** 1) The Molecular Orbital diagram for He₂⁺ is shown. a) **Identify the bond order:** Bond order: __________ b) **Identify if this molecule is paramagnetic or diamagnetic.** Answer: __________ --- **Description of Diagram:** The diagram is a molecular orbital (MO) diagram for the He₂⁺ ion. It illustrates the energy levels and the interactions between atomic orbitals as they combine to form molecular orbitals. - **Vertical Axis (Energy):** Represents the relative energy levels. Higher positions indicate higher energy. - **Left Side:** - The 1s atomic orbital of a helium atom. - The energy level is occupied by two electrons, represented by two arrows (one up, one down), signifying paired electrons. - **Right Side:** - The 1s atomic orbital of a helium ion. - The energy level is not occupied, indicating an absence of electrons. - **Center:** - σ (sigma) 1s bonding molecular orbital with one electron. - σ* (sigma star) 1s antibonding molecular orbital, which is not occupied. - The single electron in the σ 1s bonding orbital suggests a bond between the helium atom and the helium ion. **Explanation:** - **Bond Order Calculation:** - The bond order is calculated using the formula: \[ \text{Bond Order} = \frac{(\text{Number of electrons in bonding MOs}) - (\text{Number of electrons in antibonding MOs})}{2} \] - **Magnetic Property:** - A molecule is **paramagnetic** if it has unpaired electrons and **diamagnetic** if all electrons are paired. Based on the diagram, determine whether the He₂⁺ ion is paramagnetic or diamagnetic.
**Educational Content on Molecular Orbital Theory:** **Procedure: Answer the following questions related to Molecular Orbital Theory.** 1) The Molecular Orbital diagram for He₂⁺ is shown. a) **Identify the bond order:** Bond order: __________ b) **Identify if this molecule is paramagnetic or diamagnetic.** Answer: __________ --- **Description of Diagram:** The diagram is a molecular orbital (MO) diagram for the He₂⁺ ion. It illustrates the energy levels and the interactions between atomic orbitals as they combine to form molecular orbitals. - **Vertical Axis (Energy):** Represents the relative energy levels. Higher positions indicate higher energy. - **Left Side:** - The 1s atomic orbital of a helium atom. - The energy level is occupied by two electrons, represented by two arrows (one up, one down), signifying paired electrons. - **Right Side:** - The 1s atomic orbital of a helium ion. - The energy level is not occupied, indicating an absence of electrons. - **Center:** - σ (sigma) 1s bonding molecular orbital with one electron. - σ* (sigma star) 1s antibonding molecular orbital, which is not occupied. - The single electron in the σ 1s bonding orbital suggests a bond between the helium atom and the helium ion. **Explanation:** - **Bond Order Calculation:** - The bond order is calculated using the formula: \[ \text{Bond Order} = \frac{(\text{Number of electrons in bonding MOs}) - (\text{Number of electrons in antibonding MOs})}{2} \] - **Magnetic Property:** - A molecule is **paramagnetic** if it has unpaired electrons and **diamagnetic** if all electrons are paired. Based on the diagram, determine whether the He₂⁺ ion is paramagnetic or diamagnetic.
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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![**Educational Content on Molecular Orbital Theory:**
**Procedure: Answer the following questions related to Molecular Orbital Theory.**
1) The Molecular Orbital diagram for He₂⁺ is shown.
a) **Identify the bond order:**
Bond order: __________
b) **Identify if this molecule is paramagnetic or diamagnetic.**
Answer: __________
---
**Description of Diagram:**
The diagram is a molecular orbital (MO) diagram for the He₂⁺ ion. It illustrates the energy levels and the interactions between atomic orbitals as they combine to form molecular orbitals.
- **Vertical Axis (Energy):** Represents the relative energy levels. Higher positions indicate higher energy.
- **Left Side:**
- The 1s atomic orbital of a helium atom.
- The energy level is occupied by two electrons, represented by two arrows (one up, one down), signifying paired electrons.
- **Right Side:**
- The 1s atomic orbital of a helium ion.
- The energy level is not occupied, indicating an absence of electrons.
- **Center:**
- σ (sigma) 1s bonding molecular orbital with one electron.
- σ* (sigma star) 1s antibonding molecular orbital, which is not occupied.
- The single electron in the σ 1s bonding orbital suggests a bond between the helium atom and the helium ion.
**Explanation:**
- **Bond Order Calculation:**
- The bond order is calculated using the formula:
\[
\text{Bond Order} = \frac{(\text{Number of electrons in bonding MOs}) - (\text{Number of electrons in antibonding MOs})}{2}
\]
- **Magnetic Property:**
- A molecule is **paramagnetic** if it has unpaired electrons and **diamagnetic** if all electrons are paired. Based on the diagram, determine whether the He₂⁺ ion is paramagnetic or diamagnetic.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F17f3ad1f-983b-45e5-bee6-1e532d0087a9%2F0aa55c97-a4ae-4d6c-9136-29dae5c9e83d%2Ffjlflde.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Educational Content on Molecular Orbital Theory:**
**Procedure: Answer the following questions related to Molecular Orbital Theory.**
1) The Molecular Orbital diagram for He₂⁺ is shown.
a) **Identify the bond order:**
Bond order: __________
b) **Identify if this molecule is paramagnetic or diamagnetic.**
Answer: __________
---
**Description of Diagram:**
The diagram is a molecular orbital (MO) diagram for the He₂⁺ ion. It illustrates the energy levels and the interactions between atomic orbitals as they combine to form molecular orbitals.
- **Vertical Axis (Energy):** Represents the relative energy levels. Higher positions indicate higher energy.
- **Left Side:**
- The 1s atomic orbital of a helium atom.
- The energy level is occupied by two electrons, represented by two arrows (one up, one down), signifying paired electrons.
- **Right Side:**
- The 1s atomic orbital of a helium ion.
- The energy level is not occupied, indicating an absence of electrons.
- **Center:**
- σ (sigma) 1s bonding molecular orbital with one electron.
- σ* (sigma star) 1s antibonding molecular orbital, which is not occupied.
- The single electron in the σ 1s bonding orbital suggests a bond between the helium atom and the helium ion.
**Explanation:**
- **Bond Order Calculation:**
- The bond order is calculated using the formula:
\[
\text{Bond Order} = \frac{(\text{Number of electrons in bonding MOs}) - (\text{Number of electrons in antibonding MOs})}{2}
\]
- **Magnetic Property:**
- A molecule is **paramagnetic** if it has unpaired electrons and **diamagnetic** if all electrons are paired. Based on the diagram, determine whether the He₂⁺ ion is paramagnetic or diamagnetic.
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