Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Chemistry HW need help, how to do these caculation and answer these questions?
![**Calculations: (Show full calculations for one trial of your unknown)**
1. **Calculate the mass of the condensed liquid in the flask.**
- *(See data at the end of the lab)*
2. **Next, express the water bath temperature in Kelvin.**
3. **Express the barometric pressure in atmospheres (atm), using the following conversion:**
- 1 atm = 760 mmHg
4. **Convert the volume of the flask from milliliters to liters, using the following conversion:**
- 1 Liter = 1000 mL
5. **Now, calculate the density of the vaporized unknown using the density equation:**
- Density \((g/L) = \text{mass/volume}\)
6. **Lastly, calculate the molar mass (MM) of the unknown solution using the following equation:**
- \[ \text{MM} = \frac{d \times R \times T}{P} \]
7. **Calculate the average of the molar mass of the unknown liquid and identify the unknown from the list above.**
---
**Post lab questions:**
1. Under what conditions does a real gas most closely behave as an ideal gas?
2. Why would you need to fill up the Erlenmeyer flask with water, and later measure the volume of water that filled the Erlenmeyer flask with a graduated cylinder?
3. What happens to the molecules of a liquid if the liquid is heated?
4. What was the purpose of the aluminum foil in the experiment?](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Ff7e0b628-1887-4036-8cfa-486903c53c1e%2Ff28f3776-f393-4581-bd4f-e9c77be7d36a%2Fwxr3ovs.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Calculations: (Show full calculations for one trial of your unknown)**
1. **Calculate the mass of the condensed liquid in the flask.**
- *(See data at the end of the lab)*
2. **Next, express the water bath temperature in Kelvin.**
3. **Express the barometric pressure in atmospheres (atm), using the following conversion:**
- 1 atm = 760 mmHg
4. **Convert the volume of the flask from milliliters to liters, using the following conversion:**
- 1 Liter = 1000 mL
5. **Now, calculate the density of the vaporized unknown using the density equation:**
- Density \((g/L) = \text{mass/volume}\)
6. **Lastly, calculate the molar mass (MM) of the unknown solution using the following equation:**
- \[ \text{MM} = \frac{d \times R \times T}{P} \]
7. **Calculate the average of the molar mass of the unknown liquid and identify the unknown from the list above.**
---
**Post lab questions:**
1. Under what conditions does a real gas most closely behave as an ideal gas?
2. Why would you need to fill up the Erlenmeyer flask with water, and later measure the volume of water that filled the Erlenmeyer flask with a graduated cylinder?
3. What happens to the molecules of a liquid if the liquid is heated?
4. What was the purpose of the aluminum foil in the experiment?
Transcribed Image Text:**Experimental Data Table**
This table presents experimental data collected for five unknown samples, each evaluated over two trials. The measurements are as follows:
- **Mass of Flask, Boiling Stone, Foil Cap, and Unknown after Cooling (g):**
- Unknown 1: Trial 1: 80.480, Trial 2: 81.021
- Unknown 2: Trial 1: 86.081, Trial 2: 86.002
- Unknown 3: Trial 1: 106.506, Trial 2: 106.540
- Unknown 4: Trial 1: 105.975, Trial 2: 106.209
- Unknown 5: Trial 1: 98.675, Trial 2: 99.958
- **Mass of Empty Flask, Boiling Stone, and Foil Cap (g):**
- Unknown 1: Trial 1: 80.034, Trial 2: 80.544
- Unknown 2: Trial 1: 85.868, Trial 2: 85.798
- Unknown 3: Trial 1: 105.879, Trial 2: 105.925
- Unknown 4: Trial 1: 105.509, Trial 2: 105.736
- Unknown 5: Trial 1: 98.358, Trial 2: 99.628
- **Mass of Unknown (g):**
- The mass of the unknown is calculated as the difference between the mass of the flask with the unknown and the mass of the empty flask.
- **Water Bath Temperature at Complete Vaporization (°C):**
- Unknown 1: Trial 1: 100.0, Trial 2: 100.0
- Unknown 2: Trial 1: 99.0, Trial 2: 100.0
- Unknown 3: Trial 1: 101.0, Trial 2: 101.0
- Unknown 4: Trial 1: 103.0, Trial 2: 102.0
- Unknown 5: Trial 1: 100.0, Trial 2: 99.0
- **Barometric Pressure (mmHg):**
- Unknown 1: Trial 1
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