Challenge: Hesse's law can be very useful. It can be used to measure enthalpies for reactions that don't take place, and thus don't exist. The following reaction does not exist 3,3-oxybis-Propanenitrile (CçH3N2O (g)) → 4,6-Dimethyl-2-pyrimidone (C6H&N2O (g)) NH What is the enthalpy of the reaction above if the energetics of the following formation reactions are known: 6C(s) + 4H2(g) + 1/2O2(g) + N2(g) → C,H§N2O (g)(propanenitrile) 6C(s) + 4H2(g) + 1/2O2(g) + N2(g) → C,H3N2O (g)(pyrimidone) A¢H° = -83 kJ/mole A¢H° = -254 kJ/mole
Reactions of Ethers
Ethers (R-O-R’) are compounds formed by replacing hydrogen atoms of an alcohol (R-OH compound) or a phenol (C6H5OH) by an aryl/ acyl group (functional group after removing single hydrogen from an aromatic ring). In this section, reaction, preparation and behavior of ethers are discussed in the context of organic chemistry.
Epoxides
Epoxides are a special class of cyclic ethers which are an important functional group in organic chemistry and generate reactive centers due to their unusual high reactivity. Due to their high reactivity, epoxides are considered to be toxic and mutagenic.
Williamson Ether Synthesis
An organic reaction in which an organohalide and a deprotonated alcohol forms ether is known as Williamson ether synthesis. Alexander Williamson developed the Williamson ether synthesis in 1850. The formation of ether in this synthesis is an SN2 reaction.
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