CH3 SO3 H₂SO4 H3C. OH wwwwwww

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Organic Chemistry II: How do we know which direct the reaction? Why Methoxy Functional Group direct the reaction instead of fluorine? Is it something to do with electronegativity ? Or is it something to do with withdrawing group?? 

How do we know if a gourp is more withdrawing ??????

This image illustrates the sulfonation reaction of 4-fluoroanisole. 

**Reaction Overview:**

- **Reactant:** 
  - 4-Fluoroanisole: A benzene ring with a methoxy (OCH\(_3\)) group and a fluorine (F) atom attached.

- **Reagent:** 
  - Sulfur trioxide (SO\(_3\)) in the presence of sulfuric acid (H\(_2\)SO\(_4\)).

- **Product:**
  - The product is a sulfonated derivative of 4-fluoroanisole, specifically 2-methoxy-5-fluorobenzenesulfonic acid.

**Mechanism Explanation:**

1. **Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution:**
   - The aromatic compound, 4-fluoroanisole, undergoes sulfonation, where the SO\(_3\) group is introduced to the aromatic ring.
   
2. **Activation:**
   - Sulfuric acid acts as a catalyst, enhancing the electrophilicity of the SO\(_3\).

3. **Product Formation:**
   - The sulfonation occurs at the para position relative to the methoxy group, leading to the formation of 2-methoxy-5-fluorobenzenesulfonic acid.

This reaction is an example of electrophilic aromatic substitution, where the benzene ring acts as a nucleophile. The reaction conditions and the nature of substituents influence the position of sulfonation.
Transcribed Image Text:This image illustrates the sulfonation reaction of 4-fluoroanisole. **Reaction Overview:** - **Reactant:** - 4-Fluoroanisole: A benzene ring with a methoxy (OCH\(_3\)) group and a fluorine (F) atom attached. - **Reagent:** - Sulfur trioxide (SO\(_3\)) in the presence of sulfuric acid (H\(_2\)SO\(_4\)). - **Product:** - The product is a sulfonated derivative of 4-fluoroanisole, specifically 2-methoxy-5-fluorobenzenesulfonic acid. **Mechanism Explanation:** 1. **Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution:** - The aromatic compound, 4-fluoroanisole, undergoes sulfonation, where the SO\(_3\) group is introduced to the aromatic ring. 2. **Activation:** - Sulfuric acid acts as a catalyst, enhancing the electrophilicity of the SO\(_3\). 3. **Product Formation:** - The sulfonation occurs at the para position relative to the methoxy group, leading to the formation of 2-methoxy-5-fluorobenzenesulfonic acid. This reaction is an example of electrophilic aromatic substitution, where the benzene ring acts as a nucleophile. The reaction conditions and the nature of substituents influence the position of sulfonation.
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