Electronic Effects
The effect of electrons that are located in the chemical bonds within the atoms of the molecule is termed an electronic effect. The electronic effect is also explained as the effect through which the reactivity of the compound in one portion is controlled by the electron repulsion or attraction producing in another portion of the molecule.
Drawing Resonance Forms
In organic chemistry, resonance may be a mental exercise that illustrates the delocalization of electrons inside molecules within the valence bond theory of octet bonding. It entails creating several Lewis structures that, when combined, reflect the molecule's entire electronic structure. One Lewis diagram cannot explain the bonding (lone pair, double bond, octet) elaborately. A hybrid describes a combination of possible resonance structures that represents the entire delocalization of electrons within the molecule.
Using Molecular Structure To Predict Equilibrium
Equilibrium does not always imply an equal presence of reactants and products. This signifies that the reaction reaches a point when reactant and product quantities remain constant as the rate of forward and backward reaction is the same. Molecular structures of various compounds can help in predicting equilibrium.
For the compound below draw all resonance structures that are possible. Make sure to include formal charges, curved arrows (to show electron flow), and all electron pairs.
![The image depicts the structural formula of a chemical compound. The compound consists of two connected aromatic rings and an ethyl group.
1. **Structural Details:**
- The first ring is a five-membered aromatic ring (possibly a pyrrole or similar heterocycle) with alternating double bonds.
- The second ring is a six-membered aromatic benzene ring (phenyl group) with alternating double bonds.
- The two rings are connected by a shared bond, forming a bicyclic structure.
- An ethyl group (CH₂CH₃) is attached to a nitrogen atom (N) within the five-membered ring.
2. **Bonding and Connectivity:**
- The five-membered ring includes nitrogen within its structure, making it a heterocyclic aromatic ring.
- Arrows near the nitrogen suggest electron delocalization or potential resonance within the structure.
This structural formula is an example of a nitrogen-containing bicyclic compound that might be studied in advanced organic chemistry courses, emphasizing aromaticity and resonance in heterocycles.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F63f108cf-38e6-4579-a7e2-76ed02538e47%2Fbbe39a75-79aa-49da-bcc7-be3063713ac4%2F55sovjq_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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