Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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please help with part a and part b
Transcribed Image Text:**Categorize the following reaction as an Addition, Elimination, or Substitution.**
**Reaction:**
- Reactants:
- An alkyl bromide (\(\text{R}-\text{Br}\))
- Ammonia (\(\text{NH}_3\))
- Products:
- An alkyl amine (\(\text{R}-\text{NH}_2\))
- Hydrogen bromide (\(\text{HBr}\))
**Options:**
- Addition
- Elimination
- Substitution
**Diagram Explanation:**
The reaction involves the replacement of a bromine atom in an alkyl bromide with an amine group from ammonia, resulting in the formation of an alkyl amine and hydrogen bromide. This is characteristic of a substitution reaction, where one atom or group in a molecule is replaced with another.
![**Question:**
Categorize the following reaction as an Addition, Elimination, or Substitution.
\[ \text{Reactants:} \quad \begin{array}{c}
\\
\end{array} \]
\[ \begin{array}{c}
\text{Triple bond structure} \quad + \quad \text{H}_2\text{O} \quad \rightarrow
\end{array} \]
\[ \text{Products:} \quad \begin{array}{c}
\quad \quad \text{Ketone structure}
\end{array} \]
**Options:**
- ○ Addition
- ○ Elimination
- ○ Substitution
**Explanation:**
The diagram represents a chemical reaction where a molecule with a triple bond reacts with water (H₂O) to form a ketone. The reaction type can be categorized based on changes in bonding:
- **Addition:** This occurs when new atoms are added to a molecule, typically involving the conversion of multiple bonds (like double or triple bonds) to single bonds.
- **Elimination:** This involves the removal of atoms from a molecule, often resulting in the formation of multiple bonds.
- **Substitution:** This involves the replacement of an atom or group of atoms in a molecule with another atom or group.
In the reaction provided, the structure with the triple bond is likely undergoing an addition reaction where water adds across the triple bond to form a carbonyl group, resulting in the ketone product.
**Correct Answer:** Addition](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F1dedc2f0-34a2-4f6a-9bbc-fab867b2dfd0%2F4812b29d-d7c4-45a3-b77a-af3d63e14671%2F397vsif_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Question:**
Categorize the following reaction as an Addition, Elimination, or Substitution.
\[ \text{Reactants:} \quad \begin{array}{c}
\\
\end{array} \]
\[ \begin{array}{c}
\text{Triple bond structure} \quad + \quad \text{H}_2\text{O} \quad \rightarrow
\end{array} \]
\[ \text{Products:} \quad \begin{array}{c}
\quad \quad \text{Ketone structure}
\end{array} \]
**Options:**
- ○ Addition
- ○ Elimination
- ○ Substitution
**Explanation:**
The diagram represents a chemical reaction where a molecule with a triple bond reacts with water (H₂O) to form a ketone. The reaction type can be categorized based on changes in bonding:
- **Addition:** This occurs when new atoms are added to a molecule, typically involving the conversion of multiple bonds (like double or triple bonds) to single bonds.
- **Elimination:** This involves the removal of atoms from a molecule, often resulting in the formation of multiple bonds.
- **Substitution:** This involves the replacement of an atom or group of atoms in a molecule with another atom or group.
In the reaction provided, the structure with the triple bond is likely undergoing an addition reaction where water adds across the triple bond to form a carbonyl group, resulting in the ketone product.
**Correct Answer:** Addition
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