Case Report A 32-year-old man was referred to the emergencies of our hospital because of a right lower limb critical limb ischemia. Past medical history included chronic alcoholism and a three- month history of bilateral intermittent claudication. He did not report any episode of superficial thrombophlebitis. He smoked about 10 cigarettes since the age of ten and 10 cannabis joints daily since the age of twelve. He had no other cardiovascular risk factors.

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Chapter1: Phlebotomy: Past And Present And The Healthcare Setting
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10:28
NCM 112 RLE
Case Report
A 32-year-old man was referred to the emergencies of our
hospital because of a right lower limb critical limb ischemia.
Past medical history included chronic alcoholism and a three-
month history of bilateral intermittent claudication. He did not
report any episode of superficial thrombophlebitis. He smoked
about 10 cigarettes since the age of ten and 10 cannabis joints
daily since the age of twelve. He had no other cardiovascular
risk factors.
At clinical examination, his right leg was extremely painful and
pale. He had absent pedal pulses on both sides, and a mild
sensory loss on the right side. Allen's test of upper extremities
was negative. Echo Doppler was suggestive of a bilateral
common iliac occlusion and of a three-vessel occlusion on the
right leg.
A computerized tomography (CT) angiography detected the
presence of an intraluminal aortic and iliac clot and a bilateral
stal
ibial
essels occlusion. The patient was
fully
anticoagulated with intravenous heparin. A transthoracic
echocardiogram was also performed and did not detect any
proximal source of emboli. The patient was then operated on:
under general anesthesia, a right iliofemoral embolectomy
associated to a selective right popliteal, tibial, and peroneal
embolectomy and intraoperative intraarterial thrombolysis of
tibial vessels. During the operation, no thrombus was found in
the infrapopliteal vessels, but intraoperative arteriography
showed a diffuse narrowing associated to total occlusion at the
ankle with the typical "corkscrew" collateral arteries suggestive
of a chronic vasculitis BD was then suspected.
The postoperative period was uneventful, with complete
remission of symptoms. The aortoiliac embolus was sent to
bacteriology and some Micrococci were found. Subsequently,
the patient was treated with medical therapy including full dose
low molecular weight heparin, antiplatelets, and pentoxifylline,
and a smoking-cessation program was started. A control thoracic
and abdominal angio-CT scan, done also in order to detect a
proximal source of embolism, showed the absence of residual
aortoiliac clot, but the chronic occlusion of the anterior tibial
and peroneal arteries bilaterally. The contralateral lower limb did
not require any operation.
After discharge the patient underwent laboratory tests looking
for diabetes and thrombophilia that were unremarkable. These
included factor II and V mutation, disorders of plasminogen
activation, ATIII deficiency, protein C and protein S deficiency,
and homocysteine serum levels. Extensive autoimmune testing
looking for autoimmune disorders potentially responsible for
thrombotic
including
antimitochondrial,
anti-lupus erythematosus,
anti-phospholipids
events
antinuclear,
antibodies were all negative. We then concluded that the patient
was affected by BD.
and
1. Develop your top 3 Nursing Care Plan of the patient above.
Transcribed Image Text:10:28 NCM 112 RLE Case Report A 32-year-old man was referred to the emergencies of our hospital because of a right lower limb critical limb ischemia. Past medical history included chronic alcoholism and a three- month history of bilateral intermittent claudication. He did not report any episode of superficial thrombophlebitis. He smoked about 10 cigarettes since the age of ten and 10 cannabis joints daily since the age of twelve. He had no other cardiovascular risk factors. At clinical examination, his right leg was extremely painful and pale. He had absent pedal pulses on both sides, and a mild sensory loss on the right side. Allen's test of upper extremities was negative. Echo Doppler was suggestive of a bilateral common iliac occlusion and of a three-vessel occlusion on the right leg. A computerized tomography (CT) angiography detected the presence of an intraluminal aortic and iliac clot and a bilateral stal ibial essels occlusion. The patient was fully anticoagulated with intravenous heparin. A transthoracic echocardiogram was also performed and did not detect any proximal source of emboli. The patient was then operated on: under general anesthesia, a right iliofemoral embolectomy associated to a selective right popliteal, tibial, and peroneal embolectomy and intraoperative intraarterial thrombolysis of tibial vessels. During the operation, no thrombus was found in the infrapopliteal vessels, but intraoperative arteriography showed a diffuse narrowing associated to total occlusion at the ankle with the typical "corkscrew" collateral arteries suggestive of a chronic vasculitis BD was then suspected. The postoperative period was uneventful, with complete remission of symptoms. The aortoiliac embolus was sent to bacteriology and some Micrococci were found. Subsequently, the patient was treated with medical therapy including full dose low molecular weight heparin, antiplatelets, and pentoxifylline, and a smoking-cessation program was started. A control thoracic and abdominal angio-CT scan, done also in order to detect a proximal source of embolism, showed the absence of residual aortoiliac clot, but the chronic occlusion of the anterior tibial and peroneal arteries bilaterally. The contralateral lower limb did not require any operation. After discharge the patient underwent laboratory tests looking for diabetes and thrombophilia that were unremarkable. These included factor II and V mutation, disorders of plasminogen activation, ATIII deficiency, protein C and protein S deficiency, and homocysteine serum levels. Extensive autoimmune testing looking for autoimmune disorders potentially responsible for thrombotic including antimitochondrial, anti-lupus erythematosus, anti-phospholipids events antinuclear, antibodies were all negative. We then concluded that the patient was affected by BD. and 1. Develop your top 3 Nursing Care Plan of the patient above.
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