Case #12: Name a screening test on a urine sample that canquickly show infection is present.All of these testsnitrite testNone of these testsGram stainleukocyte esteraseQuestion 59Case #12: What is the recommended method of handling theurine culture from this patient?add 1% HCL to sample as a preservativecollect multiple samples and "pool" into 1 sampleplace in incubator until transportadd NaOH to sample as a preservativetransport to lab within 30 minutes Case #12: A21-year-old female, recently married, returns fromher honeymoon with complaints of dysuria, urgency, frequencyand suprapubic pain for 1-2 days. This morning she notedhematuria. She has not had fever, chills or back pain.

Urine culture is done to identify the presence of microorganisms such as bacteria in the urine. It contains very few microbes. These microbes move into the urinary tract and cause infection by multiplying. This test identifies urinary tract infections and can also detect sexually transmitted diseases. This test is prescribed for a female patient who has the following symptoms; dysuria, urgency, frequency, supra pubic pain and hematuria (blood in the urine). If the patient has UTI (urinary tract infection) the urine appears cloudy in nature and foul smelling. If the test is positive then the patient need to take antibiotics to treat the infection.Once the urine is collected for the culture it needs to be transported to lab within 30 minutes.The following are the common reasons;at room temperature the microorganisms multiply very fast. Therefore it can lead to false positive reports.The bacteria that is present in the urine use the glucose for it's rapid growth and produce ammonia. The breakdown of urea and ammonia increases the urine PH.Urine becomes very dark in colour due to oxidation of urobilinogen to urobilin when it is kept at room temperature.Urine becomes cloudy in appearance decomposition of urea and ammonia results in foul smell of the urine.When urine becomes alkaline in nature, it breaks down the red blood cells.Evaporation of acetone leads to decreased number of ketones in the urine.The other cells present in the urine reduce in number due to lysis.Bacterial growth is very rapid which increases the nitrates.The white blood cells break down because of the diluted alkaline urineTherefore the correct answer is transport to lab within 30 minutes.Add 1% of HCL to sample as a preservativeHCL is added to the sample as a preservative within 24 hours of urine collection.It maintains the Ph of the urineand prevents bacterial growth.Collect multiple samples and pool into 1 sampleWe are not supposed to pool the urine that is collected at different times. Because the constituency of urine differs based on diet and exercise.Place in the incubator until transportsamples need to be transported to lab within 30 minutes.If it is kept in incubator for a long time then the bacteria growth increases.transport to lab within 30 minutes.