Cards are dealt in bridge by giving each of 4 players a hand of 13 cards. Hands are dealt to each of 4 players so that any distribution of cards is equally likely. What is that chance that each person has an ace? Suppose now several rounds of bridge are played. Each time, the initial distribu- tion of cards to 4 players is chosen independently as above. Let A be the event that each person is dealt an ace. Find the smallest N that ensures than in N rounds, the event A occurs at least once in the N rounds with probability ≥ 1/1.

A First Course in Probability (10th Edition)
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ISBN:9780134753119
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Chapter1: Combinatorial Analysis
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**Educational Text: Probability in Bridge**

In bridge, each of the four players is dealt a hand of 13 cards. The cards are distributed such that any possible configuration is equally likely. We aim to find the probability that each player receives an ace in their hand.

When multiple rounds of bridge are played, the distribution of cards to the four players is independently chosen each time. Consider the event \( A \), where each player is dealt an ace. Our goal is to determine the smallest number of rounds, \( N \), such that event \( A \) occurs at least once with a probability of at least \( \frac{1}{2} \).
Transcribed Image Text:**Educational Text: Probability in Bridge** In bridge, each of the four players is dealt a hand of 13 cards. The cards are distributed such that any possible configuration is equally likely. We aim to find the probability that each player receives an ace in their hand. When multiple rounds of bridge are played, the distribution of cards to the four players is independently chosen each time. Consider the event \( A \), where each player is dealt an ace. Our goal is to determine the smallest number of rounds, \( N \), such that event \( A \) occurs at least once with a probability of at least \( \frac{1}{2} \).
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