Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Can someone please help with question 11

Transcribed Image Text:1302 - 4.3 - Electrolysis of Aqueous Salts - Copy - Copy
11 of 15
I Review | Constants I Periodic Table
Refer to this table of reduction potentials to answer the questions.
Potential
Reduction half-reaction
(V)
F2 (g) + 20→2F¯(aq)
O2 (g) + 4H (aq) + 4 ¯→2H2O(1)
Br2 (1) + 2e→2Br¯ (aq)
+2.87
+1.23
+1.07
Ag+ +e→Ag(s)
+0.80
2H+ (aq) + 20→H2(g)
2H2 O(1) + 20→H2(g)+2OH¯ (aq)
Na+(aq) +e¯→Na(s)
-0.83
-2.71
Electrolytic cells use electricity to cause a nonspontaneous redox reaction to occur. An electrolytic cell is constructed
using the following components:
• a power source, such as a battery,
• the substance that will undergo electrolysis, and
• two inert electrodes (usually platinum), which serve as the electrical connection between the power
source and the substance undergoing electrolysis.
As with any cell, oxidation occurs at the anode and reduction occurs at the cathode. The oxidation of water, which
produces oxygen (O2) gas, will compete with the oxidation of the anion, and the reduction of water, which produces
hydrogen (H2 ) gas, will compete with the reduction of the cation. Only the reaction with the higher (more positive)
potential will occur. Keep in mind that the potentials for the oxidation reaction have the opposite sign as those for the
corresponding reduction reactions. For example, the oxidation reaction Ag(s)→Ag+ +e¯ would have an Ex of
-0.80 V.

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