Calculate the quantities of cement, water, and fine aggregate and coarse aggregate per trial mix of 0.07 m3 for the following specifications. • Characteristic compressive strength = 50 MPa at 28 days; S=5 MPa • Cement Type I; Slump required = 30-60 mm; • Max. Aggregate size = 10 mm; • Coarse aggregate CRUSHED (10 mm), •Fine aggregate CRUSHED (85% pass 600 microns) • Maximum allowable free - water/cement ratio 0.50; • Maximum allowable cement content = 550 kg/m3

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Asphalt Binders and Mixtures

Asphalt binders are subsidiary products procured during the refining process of petroleum while manufacturing gasoline, diesel, and similar petroleum products. Asphalt binders are obtained from the residue that remains after the distillation of petroleum, this residue is further subjected to steam distillation and oxidation to remove the traces of gas oil present in the residue. Certain additives or modifiers are also added to asphalt binders to alter them to suit different applications.