Calculate the minimum number of grams of propane, C3H8(g)C3H8(g), that must be combusted under standard conditions to provide the energy necessary to convert 5.25 kgkg of ice at -17.5 ∘C∘C to liquid water at 72.0 ∘C∘C. The specific heats of ice and liquid water are 2.03 and 4.18 J/(g⋅K)J/(g⋅K), respectively. The enthaplies of fusion and vaporization for H2OH2O are 6.01 and 40.7 kJ/molkJ/mol Compound ΔH∘f(kJ/mol)ΔHf∘(kJ/mol) C3H8(g)C3H8(g) −−103.85 O2(g)O2(g) 0 CO2(g)CO2(g) −−393.5 CO(g)CO(g) −−110.5 H2O(l)H2O(l) −−285.83 H2O(g)H2O(g) −−241.82
States of Matter
The substance that constitutes everything in the universe is known as matter. Matter comprises atoms which in turn are composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Different atoms combine together to give rise to molecules that act as a foundation for all kinds of substances. There are five states of matter based on their energies of attraction, namely solid, liquid, gases, plasma, and BEC (Bose-Einstein condensates).
Chemical Reactions and Equations
When a chemical species is transformed into another chemical species it is said to have undergone a chemical reaction. It consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new bonds by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.
Calculate the minimum number of grams of propane, C3H8(g)C3H8(g), that must be combusted under standard conditions to provide the energy necessary to convert 5.25 kgkg of ice at -17.5 ∘C∘C to liquid water at 72.0 ∘C∘C. The specific heats of ice and liquid water are 2.03 and 4.18 J/(g⋅K)J/(g⋅K), respectively. The enthaplies of fusion and vaporization for H2OH2O are 6.01 and 40.7 kJ/molkJ/mol
| Compound | ΔH∘f(kJ/mol)ΔHf∘(kJ/mol) |
| C3H8(g)C3H8(g) | −−103.85 |
| O2(g)O2(g) | 0 |
| CO2(g)CO2(g) | −−393.5 |
| CO(g)CO(g) | −−110.5 |
| H2O(l)H2O(l) | −−285.83 |
| H2O(g)H2O(g) | −−241.82 |
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