Calculate the heat required to convert 10.0 g of water at 100°C to steam at 100.0 °C. The specific heat of water is 1.00 cal/(g x °C); the heat of fusion is 80.0 cal/g; and the heat of vaporization is 540.0 cal/g.

General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Course List)
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Chapter11: States Of Matter; Liquids And Solids
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 11.143QP
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**Calculating Heat Required for Phase Change: Water to Steam**

To determine the heat required to convert 10.0 g of water at 100°C to steam at 100.0 °C, we need to consider the energy needed for the phase change from liquid to gas.

**Given Data:**
- Mass of water = 10.0 g
- Temperature = 100°C
- Specific heat of water = 1.00 cal/(g × °C)
- Heat of fusion (melting ice) = 80.0 cal/g (not required here)
- Heat of vaporization = 540.0 cal/g

**Calculation:**
Only the heat of vaporization is needed as the water is already at 100°C, the boiling point. The energy required is calculated using the formula:

Q = m × Hv

where:
- Q = heat energy (calories)
- m = mass of the substance (g)
- Hv = heat of vaporization (cal/g)

**Substitute the values:**
Q = 10.0 g × 540.0 cal/g = 5400.0 cal

Therefore, 5400.0 calories of energy are required to convert 10.0 g of water at 100°C to steam at 100°C.
Transcribed Image Text:**Calculating Heat Required for Phase Change: Water to Steam** To determine the heat required to convert 10.0 g of water at 100°C to steam at 100.0 °C, we need to consider the energy needed for the phase change from liquid to gas. **Given Data:** - Mass of water = 10.0 g - Temperature = 100°C - Specific heat of water = 1.00 cal/(g × °C) - Heat of fusion (melting ice) = 80.0 cal/g (not required here) - Heat of vaporization = 540.0 cal/g **Calculation:** Only the heat of vaporization is needed as the water is already at 100°C, the boiling point. The energy required is calculated using the formula: Q = m × Hv where: - Q = heat energy (calories) - m = mass of the substance (g) - Hv = heat of vaporization (cal/g) **Substitute the values:** Q = 10.0 g × 540.0 cal/g = 5400.0 cal Therefore, 5400.0 calories of energy are required to convert 10.0 g of water at 100°C to steam at 100°C.
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