Chemistry: The Molecular Science
5th Edition
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Chapter10: Fuels, Organic Chemicals, And Polymers
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 122QRT
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Question 1
![**Calculating the Degree of Unsaturation**
To calculate the degree of unsaturation (DU), which also indicates the number of rings and/or multiple bonds in a molecule, use the following formula:
DU = (2C + 2 - H + N - X)/2
Where:
- \( C \) is the number of carbon atoms.
- \( H \) is the number of hydrogen atoms.
- \( N \) is the number of nitrogen atoms.
- \( X \) is the number of halogen atoms (Cl, Br, etc.).
### Examples
a) **\[ \text{C}_\text{10} \text{H}_\text{18} \]**
DU = (2(10) + 2 - 18) / 2 = (20 + 2 - 18) / 2 = 4/2 = 2
b) **\[ \text{C}_\text{20} \text{H}_\text{30} \text{O}_\text{2} \]**
Oxygen does not affect the degree of unsaturation calculation.
DU = (2(20) + 2 - 30) / 2 = (40 + 2 - 30) / 2 = 12/2 = 6
c) **\[ \text{C}_\text{16} \text{H}_\text{13} \text{N}_\text{2} \text{OCl} \]**
DU = (2(16) + 2 - 13 + 2 - 1) / 2 = (32 + 2 - 13 + 2 - 1) / 2 = 22/2 = 11
d) **\[ \text{C}_\text{12} \text{H}_\text{8} \text{Cl}_\text{6} \text{O} \]**
Chlorine (Cl) affects the degree of unsaturation calculation.
DU = (2(12) + 2 - 8 - 6) / 2 = (24 + 2 - 8 - 6) / 2 = 12/2 = 6](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Ff71695ef-d0f4-4003-9f93-ae5ca95ceb18%2F043c3f4d-f0c2-4964-a393-7bf398ccfd2d%2Ftp9vohh_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Calculating the Degree of Unsaturation**
To calculate the degree of unsaturation (DU), which also indicates the number of rings and/or multiple bonds in a molecule, use the following formula:
DU = (2C + 2 - H + N - X)/2
Where:
- \( C \) is the number of carbon atoms.
- \( H \) is the number of hydrogen atoms.
- \( N \) is the number of nitrogen atoms.
- \( X \) is the number of halogen atoms (Cl, Br, etc.).
### Examples
a) **\[ \text{C}_\text{10} \text{H}_\text{18} \]**
DU = (2(10) + 2 - 18) / 2 = (20 + 2 - 18) / 2 = 4/2 = 2
b) **\[ \text{C}_\text{20} \text{H}_\text{30} \text{O}_\text{2} \]**
Oxygen does not affect the degree of unsaturation calculation.
DU = (2(20) + 2 - 30) / 2 = (40 + 2 - 30) / 2 = 12/2 = 6
c) **\[ \text{C}_\text{16} \text{H}_\text{13} \text{N}_\text{2} \text{OCl} \]**
DU = (2(16) + 2 - 13 + 2 - 1) / 2 = (32 + 2 - 13 + 2 - 1) / 2 = 22/2 = 11
d) **\[ \text{C}_\text{12} \text{H}_\text{8} \text{Cl}_\text{6} \text{O} \]**
Chlorine (Cl) affects the degree of unsaturation calculation.
DU = (2(12) + 2 - 8 - 6) / 2 = (24 + 2 - 8 - 6) / 2 = 12/2 = 6
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