Calculate the capillary effects (in mm) in a glass tube of 4 mm diameter, when immersed in mercury. The temperature of the liquid is 20 °C and the values of surface tension of water and mercury at 20 °C in contact with air are 0.0735 N/m and 0.48 N/m respectively. The contact angle for mercury is 130°.

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Properties of Fluids

The term fluid represents a type of substance that can easily change its shape under any external pressure/force and can flow. Fluids can acquire any shape in which it is stored and can resist normal stresses but cannot resist shear stress in rest condition. Whenever external shear stress is applied to fluids, it starts to flow. The fluids may be liquid or gas. Example- water, air, etc.