Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Calculate for kredox the for this given equation Pb(s) → Pb+2 + 2e-
![Table 17.1 Standard Potentials in Water Solution at 25°C
Acidic Solution, [H*] = 1 M
E°red (V)
Li*(aq) + e
K*(aq) + e¯
Ba* (ад) + 2е
Ca2*(aq) + 2e¯
Na*(aq) + e
Mg2* (aq) + 2e¯
Al*(aq) + 3e
Mn2+(aq) + 2e-
Zn2* (aq) + 2e¯
Cr* (aq) + 3e
Fe2* (aq) + 2e¯
Cr*(aq) + e¯
Cd2* (aq) + 2e-
PbSO4(s) + 2e-
>Li(s)«O
>K(s)
→ Ba(s)
Ca(s)
►Na(s)
► Mg(s)
► Al(s)
→ Mn(s)
→Zn(s)
Cr(s)
→Fe(s)
→Cr*(aq)
→Cd(s)
-3.040
-2.936
-2.906
-2.869
-2.714
-2.357
-1.68
-1.182
-0.762
-0.744
-0.409
-0.408
-0.402
►Pb(s) + SO,²-(aq)
> T(s)
Co(s)
»Ni(s)
► Ag(s) + I¯(aq)
Sn(s)
→Pb(s)
►H2(g)
→ Ag(s) + Br¯(aq)
→H2S(aq)
→Sn²*(aq)
-0.356
TI*(aq) + e-
Со" (aq) + 2е
Ni²*(aq) + 2e-
Agl(s) + e
Sn²*(aq) + 2e-
РЬ* (аq) + 2е
2H*(aq) + 2e
AgBr(s) + e
S(s) + 2H*(aq) + 2e-
Sn**(aq) + 2e-
so?-(aq) + 4H*(aq) + 2e
Cu?" (аq) + e-
Cu*" (аq) + 2е
Cu*(aq) + e-
I2(s) + 2e-
Fe*(aq) + e
Hg;2* (aq) + 2e¯
Ag*(aq) + e-
2Hg²*(aq) + 2e¯
NO, lag) + 4H*(ag) + 3e-
-0.336
-0.282
-0.236
-0.152
-0.141
-0.127
0.000
0.073
0.144
0.154
0.155
→SO2(g) + 2H20
→Cu*(aq)
0.161
→Cu(s)
→Cu(s)
→21^(aq)
→F2²*(aq)
→2Hg(l)
→ Ag(s)
→Hg;²*(aq)
NO(g) + 2H,O
0.339
0.518
0.534
0.769
0.796
0.799
0.908
0.964
Increasing strength of oxidizing agents
Increasing strength of reducing agents](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F3ee82870-1f5d-43d4-bcac-0c5f3d14ca8b%2Fc59b3689-e512-4bd2-a6ab-3a81dcf6fb92%2F7x5vdex_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:Table 17.1 Standard Potentials in Water Solution at 25°C
Acidic Solution, [H*] = 1 M
E°red (V)
Li*(aq) + e
K*(aq) + e¯
Ba* (ад) + 2е
Ca2*(aq) + 2e¯
Na*(aq) + e
Mg2* (aq) + 2e¯
Al*(aq) + 3e
Mn2+(aq) + 2e-
Zn2* (aq) + 2e¯
Cr* (aq) + 3e
Fe2* (aq) + 2e¯
Cr*(aq) + e¯
Cd2* (aq) + 2e-
PbSO4(s) + 2e-
>Li(s)«O
>K(s)
→ Ba(s)
Ca(s)
►Na(s)
► Mg(s)
► Al(s)
→ Mn(s)
→Zn(s)
Cr(s)
→Fe(s)
→Cr*(aq)
→Cd(s)
-3.040
-2.936
-2.906
-2.869
-2.714
-2.357
-1.68
-1.182
-0.762
-0.744
-0.409
-0.408
-0.402
►Pb(s) + SO,²-(aq)
> T(s)
Co(s)
»Ni(s)
► Ag(s) + I¯(aq)
Sn(s)
→Pb(s)
►H2(g)
→ Ag(s) + Br¯(aq)
→H2S(aq)
→Sn²*(aq)
-0.356
TI*(aq) + e-
Со" (aq) + 2е
Ni²*(aq) + 2e-
Agl(s) + e
Sn²*(aq) + 2e-
РЬ* (аq) + 2е
2H*(aq) + 2e
AgBr(s) + e
S(s) + 2H*(aq) + 2e-
Sn**(aq) + 2e-
so?-(aq) + 4H*(aq) + 2e
Cu?" (аq) + e-
Cu*" (аq) + 2е
Cu*(aq) + e-
I2(s) + 2e-
Fe*(aq) + e
Hg;2* (aq) + 2e¯
Ag*(aq) + e-
2Hg²*(aq) + 2e¯
NO, lag) + 4H*(ag) + 3e-
-0.336
-0.282
-0.236
-0.152
-0.141
-0.127
0.000
0.073
0.144
0.154
0.155
→SO2(g) + 2H20
→Cu*(aq)
0.161
→Cu(s)
→Cu(s)
→21^(aq)
→F2²*(aq)
→2Hg(l)
→ Ag(s)
→Hg;²*(aq)
NO(g) + 2H,O
0.339
0.518
0.534
0.769
0.796
0.799
0.908
0.964
Increasing strength of oxidizing agents
Increasing strength of reducing agents
![AuCl,-(aq) + 3e
Br2(1) + 2e-
O2(g) + 4H* (aq) + 4e¯
MNO2(s) + 4H*(aq) + 2e-
Cr20,2-(aq) + 14H*(aq) + 6e-
Cl2(g) + 2e¯
ClO; (aq) + 6H*(aq) + 5e¯
Au'* (aq) + Зе
MnO4-(aq) + 8H*(aq) + 5e¯
PbO2(s) + SO,2-(aq) + 4H*(aq) + 2e-
H2O2(aq) + 2H*(aq) + 2e¯
Со* (аg) + е
F2(g) + 2e¯«0
► Au(s) + 4CI¯(aq)
2B1¯(aq)
→2H2O
→Mn²*(aq) + 2H2O
►2Cr³*(aq) + 7H2O
- 2CI¯(aq)
→Cl2(g) + 3H2O
→ Au(s)
→Mn²*(aq) + 4H2O
► PBSO«(s) + 2H2O
1.001
1.077
1.229
1.229
1.33
1.360
1.458
1.498
1.512
1.687
2H20
►Cơ²*(aq)
► 2F¯(aq)
1.763
1.953
2.889
Basic Solution, [OH-] = 1 M
E°red (V)
Fe(OH)2(s) + 2e
2H20 + 2e
Fe(OH)3(s) + e
S(s) + 2e
NO, (aq) + 2H2O + 3e¯
NO;¯(aq) + H20 + 2e¯
ClO,"(aq) + H2O + 2e¯
O2(g) + 2H2O + 4e¯
ClO;"(aq) + 3H;0 + 6e¯
ClO (aq) + H2O + 2e¯
→Fe(s) + 20H¯(aq)
→H2(g) + 2OH¯(aq)
→Fe(OH)2(s) + OH (aq)
→s²-(aq)
NO(g) + 40H¯(aq)
→NO;¯(aq) + 20H¯(aq)
→CIO;"(aq) + 2OH (aq)
→40H¯(aq)
→CIF(aq) + 60H (aq)
→CIF(aq) + 2OH¯(aq)
-0.891
-0.828
-0.547
-0.445
-0.140
0.004
0.398
0.401
0.614
0.890](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F3ee82870-1f5d-43d4-bcac-0c5f3d14ca8b%2Fc59b3689-e512-4bd2-a6ab-3a81dcf6fb92%2Fmasg45_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:AuCl,-(aq) + 3e
Br2(1) + 2e-
O2(g) + 4H* (aq) + 4e¯
MNO2(s) + 4H*(aq) + 2e-
Cr20,2-(aq) + 14H*(aq) + 6e-
Cl2(g) + 2e¯
ClO; (aq) + 6H*(aq) + 5e¯
Au'* (aq) + Зе
MnO4-(aq) + 8H*(aq) + 5e¯
PbO2(s) + SO,2-(aq) + 4H*(aq) + 2e-
H2O2(aq) + 2H*(aq) + 2e¯
Со* (аg) + е
F2(g) + 2e¯«0
► Au(s) + 4CI¯(aq)
2B1¯(aq)
→2H2O
→Mn²*(aq) + 2H2O
►2Cr³*(aq) + 7H2O
- 2CI¯(aq)
→Cl2(g) + 3H2O
→ Au(s)
→Mn²*(aq) + 4H2O
► PBSO«(s) + 2H2O
1.001
1.077
1.229
1.229
1.33
1.360
1.458
1.498
1.512
1.687
2H20
►Cơ²*(aq)
► 2F¯(aq)
1.763
1.953
2.889
Basic Solution, [OH-] = 1 M
E°red (V)
Fe(OH)2(s) + 2e
2H20 + 2e
Fe(OH)3(s) + e
S(s) + 2e
NO, (aq) + 2H2O + 3e¯
NO;¯(aq) + H20 + 2e¯
ClO,"(aq) + H2O + 2e¯
O2(g) + 2H2O + 4e¯
ClO;"(aq) + 3H;0 + 6e¯
ClO (aq) + H2O + 2e¯
→Fe(s) + 20H¯(aq)
→H2(g) + 2OH¯(aq)
→Fe(OH)2(s) + OH (aq)
→s²-(aq)
NO(g) + 40H¯(aq)
→NO;¯(aq) + 20H¯(aq)
→CIO;"(aq) + 2OH (aq)
→40H¯(aq)
→CIF(aq) + 60H (aq)
→CIF(aq) + 2OH¯(aq)
-0.891
-0.828
-0.547
-0.445
-0.140
0.004
0.398
0.401
0.614
0.890
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