**C. Time-Travel Graphs**Time travel graphs are used to estimate the distance of an epicenter from the seismic station. This is accomplished using the time difference between the arrival of P and S waves. On this graph, the vertical separation between the P and S curves is the same as the difference in the arrival times between P and S waves. Once the distance to an epicenter is determined from 3 locations, the epicenter location can be determined.**Travel-Time Graph Explanation**The graph provided is labeled "Travel-Time Graph" and plots the travel time in minutes (on the vertical axis) against the epicenter distance in kilometers (on the horizontal axis). There are two curves:- The red curve represents the travel time for P-waves.- The blue curve represents the travel time for S-waves.**Application Exercise**8. Use the travel-time graph to estimate the difference in arrival times (in minutes) between the first P-wave and first S-wave for stations that are the following distances from an epicenter.- 1000 km: ____________________ minutes difference- 5000 km: ____________________ minutes difference- 8000 km: ____________________ minutes differenceThis exercise requires analyzing the time difference between the P and S wave curves for different distances to the epicenter.

Answered: C. Time-Travel Graphs Time travel…

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)

9th Edition

ISBN:9780134746241

Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa

Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa

Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1LR

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Question

**C. Time-Travel Graphs**

Time travel graphs are used to estimate the distance of an epicenter from the seismic station. This is accomplished using the time difference between the arrival of P and S waves. On this graph, the vertical separation between the P and S curves is the same as the difference in the arrival times between P and S waves. Once the distance to an epicenter is determined from 3 locations, the epicenter location can be determined.

**Travel-Time Graph Explanation**

The graph provided is labeled "Travel-Time Graph" and plots the travel time in minutes (on the vertical axis) against the epicenter distance in kilometers (on the horizontal axis). There are two curves:
- The red curve represents the travel time for P-waves.
- The blue curve represents the travel time for S-waves.

**Application Exercise**

8. Use the travel-time graph to estimate the difference in arrival times (in minutes) between the first P-wave and first S-wave for stations that are the following distances from an epicenter.

- 1000 km: ____________________ minutes difference
- 5000 km: ____________________ minutes difference
- 8000 km: ____________________ minutes difference

This exercise requires analyzing the time difference between the P and S wave curves for different distances to the epicenter.

Expert Solution

Step 1

The immediate and short-term tremble generated on the earth surface that varying from a small tremor to a wide motion generated by the sudden release of energy stored in the rock beneath the earth surface is termed an earthquake. A point inside the earth surface where seismic waves are started to propagate is termed focus and the point immediately above the focus in the ground surface where seismic waves are first reaches is called the epicentre.