(c) Assume that E is finite-dimensional, and let f E > E be any p map such that 2 linear fi.fidE Prove that the following properties are equivalent: (1) ff, 1 i < p. (2) fi o fi 0 for all ij, 1 i, j E is an idempotent linear map, i.e., fof = f, then we have a direct sum Kerfe Im f E so that f is the projection onto its image Im f

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
10th Edition
ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
Publisher:Erwin Kreyszig
Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
Section: Chapter Questions
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​​​​​​​PLEASE, HELP ME WITH A VERY DETAILED AND AN EASY TO UNDERSTAND SOLUTIONS TO THIS PROBLEM. I HAVE NO STRONG AND NO GOOD BACKGROUND IN ALGEBRA. THANKS A LOT. 

THE QUESTION DEMANDS THE USE OF A HINT: PROBLEM (6.2) WHICH IS PART OF THE PROBLEM

(c) Assume that E is finite-dimensional, and let f E > E be any p
map such that
2 linear
fi.fidE
Prove that the following properties are equivalent:
(1) ff, 1 i < p.
(2) fi o fi 0 for all ij, 1 i, j<p
Hint. Use problem (6.2)
Let U1,. ., Up be any p 2 2 subspaces of some vector space E. Prove
that Ui..+ U, is a direct sum iff
C
P
i-1
Συ
= (0), i = 2,... ,p
Uin
j-1
Problem (6.2) Prove that for every vector space E, if f E -> E is
an idempotent linear map, i.e., fof = f, then we have a direct sum
Kerfe Im f
E
so that f is the projection onto its image Im f
Transcribed Image Text:(c) Assume that E is finite-dimensional, and let f E > E be any p map such that 2 linear fi.fidE Prove that the following properties are equivalent: (1) ff, 1 i < p. (2) fi o fi 0 for all ij, 1 i, j<p Hint. Use problem (6.2) Let U1,. ., Up be any p 2 2 subspaces of some vector space E. Prove that Ui..+ U, is a direct sum iff C P i-1 Συ = (0), i = 2,... ,p Uin j-1 Problem (6.2) Prove that for every vector space E, if f E -> E is an idempotent linear map, i.e., fof = f, then we have a direct sum Kerfe Im f E so that f is the projection onto its image Im f
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